Prediction and analysis of trends in the nutritional status of children under 5 years in Iran: reanalysis of the results of national surveys conducted between 1998 and 2020

Frontiers in Nutrition

Nutrition

Hassan Eini-Zinab¹  Roshanak Roustaee¹  Delaram Ghodsi²  Hamid Rasekhi²  Bahereh Nikooyeh²  Zahra Yari²  Tirang R. Neyestani³  Ayoub Faramarzi⁴ 

[1] Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;Laboratory of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;Statistical Research and Training Center, Tehran, Iran;

关键词: malnutrition;    prevalence;    stunting;    underweight;    wasting;    obesity;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fnut.2023.1083318

 received in 2022-10-28, accepted in 2023-04-12,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Background and aimMalnutrition is a major public health problem, especially in developing countries. The aim of this study was to analyze the trend in malnutrition among children under 5 years of age in Iran over recent decades and to estimate malnutrition status for 2020.MethodsThis study took the form of a secondary analysis of the reports and data from three cross-sectional national surveys on children's nutritional status conducted between 1998 and 2017. Anthropometric indices, including markers of underweight, wasting, stunting, overweight, and obesity, were used as indicators of the nutritional status of children under 5 years. Malnutrition indicators are reported separately based on regional food security status. Linear mixed-effects modeling was used to predict the status of malnutrition indicators for 2020.ResultsThe results of this study indicated a downward trend in the prevalence of stunting, underweight, and wasting, from 15.4 to 4.8%, 10.9 to 4.3%, and 4.9 to 4.3%, respectively, between 1998 and 2017. The proportion of children at risk of overweight and prevalence of childhood overweight/obesity showed a downward trend between 2010 and 2017, from 3.73 to 3.02% and from 12.1 to 10.3%, respectively. However, the trend varied between different provinces. Estimates of the prevalence of malnutrition in 2020 also indicated a decrease in the prevalence of all indicators among children.ConclusionDespite the decreasing trend in malnutrition over the past three decades, the prevalence of stunting, underweight, and wasting is still high in food-insecure provinces. Moreover, following the COVID-19 pandemic and its economic consequences, an increase in the prevalence of malnutrition, especially in food-insecure provinces, is plausible.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2023 Ghodsi, Rasekhi, Yari, Roustaee, Nikooyeh, Faramarzi, Eini-Zinab and Neyestani.