Bacterial DNA methyltransferase: A key to the epigenetic world with lessons learned from proteobacteria

Frontiers in Microbiology

Microbiology

Yuwei Wang¹  Shuwei Lu²  Longgui He²  Qun Gao³  Sai Mao⁴  Qiao Yang⁴  Xinxin Zhao⁴  Di Sun⁴  Bin Tian⁴  Renyong Jia⁴  Shun Chen⁴  Anchun Cheng⁴  Ying Wu⁴  Juan Huang⁴  Dekang Zhu⁴  Mafeng Liu⁴  Xumin Ou⁴  Shaqiu Zhang⁴  Mingshu Wang⁴ 

[1] Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Provenance Disease Research in Mianyang, Sichuan, China;Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China;Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China;Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China;Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China;Research Center of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China;Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China;Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China;

关键词: DNA methyltransferase;    DNA methylation;    restriction-modification systems;    orphan methyltransferase;    phase variation;    epigenetics;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fmicb.2023.1129437

 received in 2022-12-23, accepted in 2023-02-27,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Epigenetics modulates expression levels of various important genes in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. These epigenetic traits are heritable without any change in genetic DNA sequences. DNA methylation is a universal mechanism of epigenetic regulation in all kingdoms of life. In bacteria, DNA methylation is the main form of epigenetic regulation and plays important roles in affecting clinically relevant phenotypes, such as virulence, host colonization, sporulation, biofilm formation et al. In this review, we survey bacterial epigenomic studies and focus on the recent developments in the structure, function, and mechanism of several highly conserved bacterial DNA methylases. These methyltransferases are relatively common in bacteria and participate in the regulation of gene expression and chromosomal DNA replication and repair control. Recent advances in sequencing techniques capable of detecting methylation signals have enabled the characterization of genome-wide epigenetic regulation. With their involvement in critical cellular processes, these highly conserved DNA methyltransferases may emerge as promising targets for developing novel epigenetic inhibitors for biomedical applications.

【 授权许可】

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Copyright © 2023 Gao, Lu, Wang, He, Wang, Jia, Chen, Zhu, Liu, Zhao, Yang, Wu, Zhang, Huang, Mao, Ou, Sun, Tian and Cheng.