Physiological oxygen conditions enhance the angiogenic properties of extracellular vesicles from human mesenchymal stem cells

Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Research

Alim P. Mitha¹  Neil A. Duncan²  David A. Hart³  Jolene Phelps⁴  Arindom Sen⁵ 

[1] Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., T2N 1N4, Calgary, AB, Canada;Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3300 Hospital Drive N.W., T2N 4N1, Calgary, AB, Canada;Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., T2N 1N4, Calgary, AB, Canada;Department of Surgery, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive N.W., T2N 4N1, Calgary, AB, Canada;Department of Civil Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., T2N 1N4, Calgary, AB, Canada;Musculoskeletal Mechanobiology and Multiscale Mechanics Bioengineering Lab, Department of Civil Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., T2N 1N4, Calgary, AB, Canada;McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive N.W., T2N 4Z6, Calgary, AB, Canada;Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., T2N 1N4, Calgary, AB, Canada;Department of Surgery, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive N.W., T2N 4N1, Calgary, AB, Canada;McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive N.W., T2N 4Z6, Calgary, AB, Canada;Pharmaceutical Production Research Facility, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., T2N 1N4, Calgary, AB, Canada;Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., T2N 1N4, Calgary, AB, Canada;McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive N.W., T2N 4Z6, Calgary, AB, Canada;Pharmaceutical Production Research Facility, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., T2N 1N4, Calgary, AB, Canada;Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., T2N 1N4, Calgary, AB, Canada;Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., T2N 1N4, Calgary, AB, Canada;McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive N.W., T2N 4Z6, Calgary, AB, Canada;

关键词: Extracellular vesicles;    Angiogenesis;    Adipose stem cells;    Cerebral microvascular endothelial cells;    Stroke;    Cell-free therapy;    Hypoxia;    Bioprocessing;    Exosomes;    Microvesicles;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s13287-023-03439-9

 received in 2022-05-30, accepted in 2023-08-01,  发布年份 2023

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundFollowing an ischemic injury to the brain, the induction of angiogenesis is critical to neurological recovery. The angiogenic benefits of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been attributed at least in part to the actions of extracellular vesicles (EVs) that they secrete. EVs are membrane-bound vesicles that contain various angiogenic biomolecules capable of eliciting therapeutic responses and are of relevance in cerebral applications due to their ability to cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Though MSCs are commonly cultured under oxygen levels present in injected air, when MSCs are cultured under physiologically relevant oxygen conditions (2–9% O2), they have been found to secrete higher amounts of survival and angiogenic factors. There is a need to determine the effects of MSC-EVs in models of cerebral angiogenesis and whether those from MSCs cultured under physiological oxygen provide greater functional effects.MethodsHuman adipose-derived MSCs were grown in clinically relevant serum-free medium and exposed to either headspace oxygen concentrations of 18.4% O2 (normoxic) or 3% O2 (physioxic). EVs were isolated from MSC cultures by differential ultracentrifugation and characterized by their size, concentration of EV specific markers, and their angiogenic protein content. Their functional angiogenic effects were evaluated in vitro by their induction of cerebral microvascular endothelial cell (CMEC) proliferation, tube formation, and angiogenic and tight junction gene expressions.ResultsCompared to normoxic conditions, culturing MSCs under physioxic conditions increased their expression of angiogenic genes SDF1 and VEGF, and subsequently elevated VEGF-A content in the EV fraction. MSC-EVs demonstrated an ability to induce CMEC angiogenesis by promoting tube formation, with the EV fraction from physioxic cultures having the greatest effect. The physioxic EV fraction further upregulated the expression of CMEC angiogenic genes FGF2, HIF1, VEGF and TGFB1, as well as genes (OCLN and TJP1) involved in BBB maintenance.ConclusionsEVs from physioxic MSC cultures hold promise in the generation of a cell-free therapy to induce angiogenesis. Their positive angiogenic effect on cerebral microvascular endothelial cells demonstrates that they may have utility in treating ischemic cerebral conditions, where the induction of angiogenesis is critical to improving recovery and neurological function.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2023

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