Incidence and risk factors of isolated calf muscular venous thrombosis after tibial plateau fractures surgery

BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders

Research

Wei Xu¹  Weizhi Ren¹  Shijie Jiang¹  Jian Peng¹  Zhenghui Hu¹  Bin Feng¹  Chenying Wu² 

[1] Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No.1055, SanXiang Road, Gusu District, 215004, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, PR China;Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No.1055, SanXiang Road, Gusu District, 215004, Suzhou, China;

关键词: Tibial plateau fractures;    Isolated calf muscular venous thrombosis;    Incidence;    Risk factors;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12891-023-06764-5

 received in 2022-12-17, accepted in 2023-07-28,  发布年份 2023

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundThe risks associated with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) have gained significant recognition over time. A prevalent form of distal DVT is isolated calf muscular venous thrombosis (ICMVT). Despite its common clinical occurrence, data on ICMVT subsequent to tibial plateau fracture (TPF) surgery are scarce. This study aimed to examine the epidemiological characteristics and associated risk factors (RFs) of ICMVT following TPF surgery.MethodsFor this retrospective analysis, we included patients from our hospital, who underwent TPF surgery between March 2017 and March 2021. Patients’ electronic medical records were reviewed, including admission details, fracture classification, surgical procedures, and laboratory biomarkers. The HSS (The American Hospital for Special Surgery) and Rasmussen scores were employed to evaluate the clinical effect. A Color Duplex Flow Imager (CDFI) was regularly used to detect pre- and postoperative venous thrombosis in the lower limbs. Finally, uni- and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent RFs associated with ICMVT.ResultsOverall, 481 participants were recruited for analysis. Postoperative ICMVT occurred in 47 patients. All ICMVTs occurred on the affected side. Four of the 47 ICMVT patients exhibited sudden postoperative swelling in the affected limb. The HSS and Rasmussen scores in the non-ICMVT cohort (87.6 ± 8.2, 16.0 ± 1.7) were markedly different from the ICMVT cohort (84.8 ± 8.2, 15.5 ± 1.6) (p = 0.014, p = 0.031). This study finally identified five postoperative ICMVT-related RFs, which were age (> 55 years old) (OR 3.06; 95% CI 1.47–6.37; p = 0.003), gender (female) (OR 2.67; 95% CI 1.37–5.22; p = 0.004), surgical duration (> 114 min) (OR 3.14; 95% CI 1.44–6.85; p = 0.004), elevated white blood cell content (OR 2.85; 95% CI 1.47–5.51; p = 0.002), and hyponatremia (OR 2.31; 95% CI 1.04–5.12; p = 0.040).ConclusionThe epidemiological findings of this study may help predict ICMVT risk after surgery thus facilitating the development of individualized clinical assessments and targeted prevention programs.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2023

【 图 表 】

Fig. 1