Molecular investigations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis genotypes among baseline and follow-up strains circulating in four regions of Eswatini

BMC Infectious Diseases

Research

Brenda T. Mkhize¹  Clive Sydney¹  Talent C. Dlamini²  Lesibana A. Malinga³  Nontuthuko E. Maningi⁴ 

[1] Biomedical and Clinical Technology, Department, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa;Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Southern Africa Nazarene University, Manzini, Eswatini;Biomedical and Clinical Technology, Department, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa;Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa;Microbiology Department, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa;

关键词: Tuberculosis;    Multi-drug resistant tuberculosis;    Drug sensitivity testing;    Spoligotyping;    Lineages;    Genotypes;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12879-023-08546-9

 received in 2022-05-08, accepted in 2023-08-18,  发布年份 2023

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundThe tuberculosis (TB) epidemic remains a major global health problem and Eswatini is not excluded. Our study investigated the circulating genotypes in Eswatini and compared them at baseline (start of treatment) and follow-up during TB treatment.MethodsThree hundred and ninety (n = 390) participants were prospectively enrolled from referral clinics and patients who met the inclusion criteria, were included in the study. A total of 103 participants provided specimens at baseline and follow-up within six months. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) strains were detected by GeneXpert® MTB/RIF assay (Cephied, USA) and Ziehl -Neelsen (ZN) microscopy respectively at baseline and follow-up time-points respectively. The 206 collected specimens were decontaminated and cultured on BACTEC™ MGIT™ 960 Mycobacteria Culture System (Becton Dickinson, USA). Drug sensitivity testing was performed at both baseline and follow-up time points. Spoligotyping was performed on both baseline and follow-up strains after DNA extraction.ResultsResistance to at least one first line drug was detected higher at baseline compared to follow-up specimens with most of them developing into multidrug-resistant (MDR)-TB. A total of four lineages and twenty genotypes were detected. The distribution of the lineages varied among the different regions in Eswatini. The Euro-American lineage was the most prevalent with 46.12% (95/206) followed by the East Asian with 24.27% (50/206); Indo-Oceanic at 9.71% (20/206) and Central Asian at 1.94% (4/206). Furthermore, a high proportion of the Beijing genotype at 24.27% (50/206) and S genotype at 16.50% (34/206) were detected. The Beijing genotype was predominant in follow-up specimens collected from the Manzini region with 48.9% (23/47) (p = 0.001). A significant proportion of follow-up specimens developed MDR-TB (p = 0.001) with Beijing being the major genotype in most follow-up specimens (p < 0.000).ConclusionEswatini has a high M.tb genotypic diversity. A significant proportion of the TB infected participants had the Beijing genotype associated with MDR-TB in follow-up specimens and thus indicate community wide transmission.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2023

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