Astrocytes’ innate role in neurodegenerative disorders

Bulletin of the National Research Centre

Review

Zeinab Hosseinian¹  Seyed-Amirabbas Ahadiat¹ 

[1]Department of Bimolecular and Biomedicine, University of Girona, Passeig Ave, Salt-Girona, 17190, Girona, Spain

关键词: Astrocytes;    Neurodegenerative;    Blood–brain barrier;    Neuroinflammation;    Neurotransmitters;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s42269-023-01083-0

 received in 2023-02-17, accepted in 2023-07-03,  发布年份 2023

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundCentral nervous system (CNS) astrocytes have various functions in the central nervous system (CNS). Many neurodegenerative diseases are associated with astrocyte dysfunction.Main body of the abstractUndoubtedly, astrocytes play a crucial role in neurogenesis and synaptogenesis by controlling the intercellular permeability of the blood–brain barrier and maintaining the homeostasis of the extracellular space. Regarding nerve damage, mature astrocytes are divided into A1 and A2 astrocytes. The supportive patterns of reactive astrocytes can be converted into toxic patterns and eventually lead to the development of neurological diseases. Alterations of neurotransmitters, cell communication, receptors, and signaling pathways, especially in the site of inflammation, secretion of inflammatory factors, secretion of growth factors, protein deposition, ion homeostasis, and finally, changes in the size and number of astrocytes are among the most important pathogenic alterations in astrocytes. Astrocytes also exhibit considerable heterogeneity due to the developmental mechanisms they follow and stimulus-specific cellular responses influenced by CNS location, cell–cell interactions, and other factors.Short conclusionIn recent years, biomolecular advances have led to a better understanding of astrocyte function, allowing them to be considered a therapeutic target in healthy and diseased individuals. Understanding the interactions between astrocytes and other cells will improve our knowledge of the regulation of astrocyte function in homeostasis and new therapeutic targets in future studies.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2023

【 图 表 】

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