Small RNA modifications: regulatory molecules and potential applications

Journal of Hematology & Oncology

Review

Yaguang Zhang¹  Qunli Xiong² 

[1] State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China;State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China;Abdominal Oncology Ward, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China;

关键词: Small RNA;    RNA modifications;    MicroRNA;    PIWI-interacting RNA;    tRNA-derived small RNA;    N6-methyladenosine;    2′-O-methylation;    5-Methylcytosine;    Pseudouridine;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s13045-023-01466-w

 received in 2023-04-14, accepted in 2023-06-14,  发布年份 2023

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

Small RNAs (also referred to as small noncoding RNAs, sncRNA) are defined as polymeric ribonucleic acid molecules that are less than 200 nucleotides in length and serve a variety of essential functions within cells. Small RNA species include microRNA(miRNA), PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA), small interfering RNA (siRNA), tRNA-derived small RNA (tsRNA), etc. Current evidence suggest that small RNAs can also have diverse modifications to their nucleotide composition that affect their stability as well as their capacity for nuclear export, and these modifications are relevant to their capacity to drive molecular signaling processes relevant to biogenesis, cell proliferation and differentiation. In this review, we highlight the molecular characteristics and cellular functions of small RNA and their modifications, as well as current techniques for their reliable detection. We also discuss how small RNA modifications may be relevant to the clinical applications for the diagnosis and treatment of human health conditions such as cancer.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2023

【 图 表 】

Fig. 5

Fig. 3

Fig. 4