Nanomaterials in tumor immunotherapy: new strategies and challenges

Molecular Cancer

Review

Xudong Zhu¹  Shenglong Li² 

[1]Department of General Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, 110042, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China

[2]Second Ward of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, 110042, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China

关键词: Nanomaterials;    Tumor immunotherapy;    Poly lactic-co-glycolic acid;    Hydrogel nanoparticles;    Liposomes;    Lipid nanoparticles;    Nanoemulsions;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12943-023-01797-9

 received in 2023-03-26, accepted in 2023-05-31,  发布年份 2023

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

Tumor immunotherapy exerts its anti-tumor effects by stimulating and enhancing immune responses of the body. It has become another important modality of anti-tumor therapy with significant clinical efficacy and advantages compared to chemotherapy, radiotherapy and targeted therapy. Although various kinds of tumor immunotherapeutic drugs have emerged, the challenges faced in the delivery of these drugs, such as poor tumor permeability and low tumor cell uptake rate, had prevented their widespread application. Recently, nanomaterials had emerged as a means for treatment of different diseases due to their targeting properties, biocompatibility and functionalities. Moreover, nanomaterials possess various characteristics that overcome the defects of traditional tumor immunotherapy, such as large drug loading capacity, precise tumor targeting and easy modification, thus leading to their wide application in tumor immunotherapy. There are two main classes of novel nanoparticles mentioned in this review: organic (polymeric nanomaterials, liposomes and lipid nanoparticles) and inorganic (non-metallic nanomaterials and metallic nanomaterials). Besides, the fabrication method for nanoparticles, Nanoemulsions, was also introduced. In summary, this review article mainly discussed the research progress of tumor immunotherapy based on nanomaterials in the past few years and offers a theoretical basis for exploring novel tumor immunotherapy strategies in the future.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2023

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