Plyometric jump training effects on the physical fitness of individual-sport athletes: a systematic review with meta-analysis

PeerJ

article

Silvia Sole¹  Rodrigo Ramírez-Campillo³  David C. Andrade⁴  Javier Sanchez-Sanchez⁶ 

[1] Faculty of Nursery and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida;GRECS Research Group;Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Los Lagos;Centro de Investigación en Fisiología del Ejercicio, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor;Centro de Fisiología y Medicina de Altura, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Antofagasta;Research Group Planning and Assessment of Training and Athletic Performance, Pontifical University of Salamanca

关键词: Human physical conditioning;    Resistance training;    Exercise therapy;    Physical education and training;    Muscles;    Plyometric exercise;    Sports;    Martial arts;    Stretch reflex;    Athletic performance;   

DOI  :  10.7717/peerj.11004

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: Inra

【 摘 要 】

Background The aim of this study is to conduct a systematic review with meta-analysis to explore the effects of plyometric jump training (PJT) on the physical fitness of individual sport athletes (ISA). Methods Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, we searched through PubMed, Web of Science, and SCOPUS electronic databases. We included controlled studies that incorporated a PJT intervention among ISA (with no restriction for age or sex), that included a pre-to-post intervention assessment of physical fitness (e.g., sprint; jump). From the included studies, relevant data (e.g., PJT and participants characteristics) was extracted. We assessed the methodological quality of the included studies using the PEDro scale. Using a random-effects model, meta-analyses for a given outcome was conducted. Means and standard deviations for a measure of pre-post-intervention physical fitness from the PJT and control groups were converted to Hedges’ g effect size (ES). Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic. The risk of bias was explored using the extended Egger’s test. The statistical significance threshold was set at p < 0.05. Moderator analyses were conducted according to the sex, age and sport background of the athletes. Results Twenty-six studies of moderate-high methodological quality were included (total participants, n = 667). Compared to controls, PJT improved vertical jump (ES = 0.49; p < 0.001; I = 0.0%), linear sprint (ES = 0.23; p = 0.032; I2 = 10.9%), maximal strength (ES = 0.50; p < 0.001; I2 = 0.0%) and endurance performance (ES = 0.30; p = 0.028; I2 = 11.1%). No significant effect was noted for sprint with change of direction (ES = 0.34; p = 0.205; I2 = 70.9%). Athlete’s sex, age and sport background had no modulator role on the effect of PJT on vertical jump, linear sprint, maximal strength and endurance performance. Among the included studies, none reported adverse effects related to the PJT intervention. Conclusions PJT induces small improvements on ISA physical fitness, including jumping, sprinting speed, strength and endurance.

【 授权许可】

CC BY