Anti-atherosclerotic vaccination against Porphyromonas gingivalis as a potential comparator of statin in mice

PeerJ

article

Hyun-Su Ha¹  Tae Young Kim¹  Soo JungHan²  Hak-Joon Sung¹  Kyoung Yul Seo³  Jong-Won Ha⁴ 

[1] Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine;The Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine;Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine;Cardiology Division, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine

关键词: Periodontopathic bacteria;    Atherosclerosis;    Porphyromonas gingivalis;    Mucosal immunization;    Statin;    Periodontitis;    Vaccination;   

DOI  :  10.7717/peerj.11293

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: Inra

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundPorphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) is an oral anaerobe which damages teeth and periodontal tissues. Its body infection is known to cause chronic inflammation, thereby inducing an early stage of atherosclerosis through humoral immune actions. Hence, vaccination by immunizing the proteins of P. gingivalis (Pg) post sonication with heating may prevent atherosclerosis. This study aimed to compare the effect of its vaccination with statin, which effectively prevents atherosclerosis by lowering lipids.MethodsThe vaccine was produced by sonicating P. gingivalis through heating, and a total of 32 male APOE-/-mice (8-week old) were subjected Western diet for 8 weeks, in order to induce atherosclerosis in a physiological manner. Then, the mice were grouped to undergo four treatment conditions (i.e., no treatment, pitavastatin, vaccine, or pitavastatin with vaccine). Vaccination was conducted through nasal immunization and confirmed by a Pg-specific humoral immune reaction. Then, half of the mice in each group were orally injected with P. gingivalis for the next 5 weeks while the other half remained uninfected, generating a total of eight groups (n = 4/group). The mice were sacrificed at 3 weeks after the last injection. After harvesting the aorta, Oil Red O staining of en face was conducted with imaging and image analysis, and plaque formation was quantitatively determined.ResultsCompared to no treatment, the vaccination through nasal immunization significantly reduced the atherosclerotic plaque sizes in APOE -/- mice under Western diet to the comparable level of statin group. When both vaccine and statin were used, no clear synergistic effect was observed as opposed to expectation.ConclusionsThis study revealed that nasal immunization of heat shock P. gingivalis has a significant impact on the prevention of arteriosclerosis and acts as a potential comparator of statin.

【 授权许可】

CC BY