Mesenchymal stem cells: As a multi-target cell therapy for clearing β-amyloid deposition in Alzheimer’s disease

Biocell

article

RUXIN ZHANG¹  CHENGGANG LI²  RUOCHEN DU¹  YITONG YUAN¹  BICHUN ZHAO¹  YUJUAN ZHANG¹  CHUNFANG WANG¹ 

[1] Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Medical University;Department of Orthopaedics, Second Hospital Shanxi Medical University

关键词: Alzheimer’s disease;    β-amyloid;    Microglia;    Neurodegeneration;    Stem cell therapy;   

DOI  :  10.32604/biocell.2022.017248

学科分类：仪器

来源: Biocell

【 摘 要 】

Extracellular β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) are the pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Studies have shown that aggregates of extracellular Aβ can induce neuroinflammation mediated neurotoxic signaling through microglial activation and release of pro-inflammatory factors. Thus, modulation of Aβ might be a potential therapeutic strategy for modifying disease progression. Recently, a large number of reports have confirmed the beneficial effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on AD. It is believed to reduce neuroinflammation, reduce Aβ amyloid deposits and NFTs, increase acetylcholine levels, promote neurogenesis, reduce neuronal damage, and improve working memory and cognition. In this review, we focus on the role of MSCs in clearing Aβ deposition. MSCs have the potential to modulate Aβ-related microenvironments via enhancement of autophagy, proteolysis of Aβ aggregates, phagocytic clearance of Aβ by microglial M2 polarization, decrease oxidative stress (OS), and correction of abnormal sphingolipid (SL) metabolism. With advantages in clinical applications, these data suggest that the use of MSCs as a multi-target modulator of Aβ would be an effective therapeutic approach in AD.

【 授权许可】

CC BY