Dietary energy density, metabolic parameters, and blood pressure in a sample of adults with obesity

BMC Endocrine Disorders

Research

Mohammad-Sadegh Pour-Abbasi¹  Negin Nikrad²  Faria Jafarzadeh³  Sahar Vahdat⁴  Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi⁵ 

[1] Department of CardioVascular Surgery, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran;Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnourd, Iran;Isfahan Kidney Disease Research Center, Khorshid Hospital, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran;Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Attar Neyshabouri St, Tabriz, Iran;

关键词: Dietary energy density;    Metabolic syndrome;    Blood pressure;    Obesity;    Cardio-metabolic risk factors;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12902-022-01243-9

 received in 2022-02-03, accepted in 2022-12-07,  发布年份 2022

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundSeveral previous studies revealed the role of dietary energy density (DED) in developing obesity and related disorders. However, the possible role of DED in triggering cardiometabolic risk factors of individuals with obesity has not been studied yet. This study aimed to evaluate the association between DED and anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, and components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) (such as glycemic markers, lipid profile, and blood pressure) among individuals with obesity.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, we included 335 adults with obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) aged 20–50 years in Tabriz and Tehran, Iran. Dietary intake was assessed by a validated semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), including 168 food items; then, DED was calculated. MetS was defined based on the guidelines of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III). Enzymatic methods were used to assess serum lipids, glucose, and insulin concentrations. Blood pressure was measured by sphygmomanometer and body composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA).ResultsParticipants in the higher tertiles of DED had more intake of carbohydrate, dietary fat, saturated fatty acid (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), and meat, fish, poultry (MFP). Increasing the DED in both methods had no association with systolic blood pressure (SBP), fasting blood sugar (FBS), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), insulin, triglyceride (TG), and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) even after adjustment for confounders. However, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) decreased in second tertile of DED I (β = 0.921, P = 0.004). The quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI) in second tertile of both DED methods had significant positive association with DED. In the second tertile of DED II, while total cholesterol (TC) significantly decreased (P crude = 0.036, P adjusted = 0.024), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) increased (β = 1.096, p = 0.03). There was no significant changes in biochemical parameters in third tertile of DED I and II even after adjustment for covariates. Also, higher tertiles of DED was associated with reduced prevalence of MetS.ConclusionHigh DED was associated with lower levels of blood pressure and TC but elevated levels of HDL and QUICKI independent of such confounders as age, BMI, sex, and physical activity. Further longitudinal studies are warranted to better elucidate casual associations.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2023

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