The Neuroepigenetic Landscape of Vertebrate and Invertebrate Models of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Epigenetics Insights

article

Thanga Harini Sundaramoorthy¹  Isabel Castanho¹ 

[1] University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter;Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center;Harvard Medical School

关键词: Neurodegenerative diseases;    neurodegeneration;    model organisms;    neuroepigenetics;    DNA methylation;    histone modifications;    miRNA;    Alzheimer’s disease;    Parkinson’s disease;    amyotrophic lateral sclerosis;   

DOI  :  10.1177/25168657221135848

学科分类：兽医学

来源: Tu Delft Transport Institute

【 摘 要 】

Vertebrate and invertebrate models of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, have been paramount to our understanding of the pathophysiology of these conditions; however, the brain epigenetic landscape is less well established in these disease models. DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNAs are among commonly studied mechanisms of epigenetic regulation. Genome-wide studies and candidate studies of specific methylation marks, histone marks, and microRNAs have demonstrated the dysregulation of these mechanisms in models of neurodegenerative diseases; however, the studies to date are scarce and inconclusive and the implications of many of these changes are still not fully understood. In this review, we summarize epigenetic changes reported to date in the brain of vertebrate and invertebrate models used to study neurodegenerative diseases, specifically diseases affecting the aging population. We also discuss caveats of epigenetic research so far and the use of disease models to understand neurodegenerative diseases, with the aim of improving the use of model organisms in this context in future studies.

【 授权许可】

CC BY|CC BY-NC