Onco-Preventive and Chemo-Protective Effects of Apple Bioactive Compounds

Nutrients

Mark Christensen¹  Sunali Mehta²  Noha Ahmed Nasef³  Julian Heyes⁴  Linda Nezbedova⁴  Tony McGhie⁵ 

[1] Heritage Food Crops Research Trust, Whanganui 4501, New Zealand;Pathology Department, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand;Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand;School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand;The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand;

关键词: fruit;    apple;    phytochemicals;    cancer;    chemoprevention;    antioxidants;   

DOI  :  10.3390/nu13114025

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death globally. Epidemiological studies have strongly linked a diet high in fruits to a lower incidence of cancer. Furthermore, extensive research shows that secondary plant metabolites known as phytochemicals, which are commonly found in fruits, have onco-preventive and chemo-protective effects. Apple is a commonly consumed fruit worldwide that is available all year round and is a rich source of phytochemicals. In this review, we summarize the association of apple consumption with cancer incidence based on findings from epidemiological and cohort studies. We further provide a comprehensive review of the main phytochemical patterns observed in apples and their bioavailability after consumption. Finally, we report on the latest findings from in vitro and in vivo studies highlighting some of the key molecular mechanisms targeted by apple phytochemicals in relation to inhibiting multiple ‘hallmarks of cancer’ that are important in the progression of cancer.

【 授权许可】

Unknown