Systemic lupus erythematosus after coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) infection: Case-based review

Egyptian Rheumatologist

Mehran Pournazari¹  Shirin Assar²  Parviz Soufivand³  Dena Mohamadzadeh³ 

[1] Rheumatology Department, Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran;Corresponding author.;Rheumatology Department, Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran;

关键词: Autoimmunity;    COVID-19;    Systemic lupus erythematosus;    SARS-CoV-2;    Case report;   

DOI  :  

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Background: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a novel infectious disease, which presents with various clinical manifestations. There is growing evidence of an association between COVID-19 infection and autoimmune diseases. The aim of this case report was to demonstrate the association of COVID-19 infection and the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Case presentation: A 38 year old Iranian woman presented with progressive icterus, pleuritic chest pain, palpitation, dyspnea, photosensitivity and arthralgia 18-days after COVID-19 symptoms proved by a positive polymerized chain reaction (PCR). The chest and abdomen computerized tomography (CT) scan showed pericardial and pleural effusion and enlarged liver and abdominal lymph nodes. Antinuclear antibody (ANA), anti-double stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (anti-ds DNA) antibody and perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (P-ANCA) were positive. She was diagnosed as SLE and was successfully treated with prednisolone 30 mg daily, hydroxychloroquine 200 mg daily and azathioprine 150 mg daily and she remarkably improved. Repeated anti-ds DNA antibody was positive. Due to nausea and abdominal discomfort, azathioprine was discontinued and replaced with mycophenolate mofetil 1500 mg daily. In the article, similar cases were presented; the mean interval between COVID symptoms and SLE presentations was 24.86 days. Pulmonary and renal involvements were the most common presentations of SLE triggered by COVID-19. The most frequently reported autoantibody was ANA Conclusion: It is necessary to be aware of the development of lupus disease in COVID-19 infected patients, because prompt diagnosis and treatment is very important to improve their outcome.

【 授权许可】

Unknown