The Antiviral Effect of Indonesian Medicinal Plant Extracts Against Dengue Virus In Vitro and In Silico

Pathogens

Rosmalena Rosmalena¹  BetiE. Dewi²  Dimas Seto²  Fithriyah Fithriyah²  Hidayati Desti²  VivitriD. Prasasty³  Berna Elya⁴  PuspaD. Lotulung⁵  Muhammad Hanafi⁵  Marissa Angelina⁵ 

[1] Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Jawa Barat 16424, Indonesia;Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia-Cipto Mangukusumo Hospital, Jalan Pengangsaan Timur No. 16, Jakarta 10320, Indonesia;Faculty of Biotechnology, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jalan Jenderal Sudirman 51, Jakarta 12930, Indonesia;Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Jawa Barat 16424, Indonesia;Research Centre for Chemistry LIPI, Kompleks Puspiptek, Serpong 15416, Indonesia;

关键词: Plant extract;    dengue virus;    antiviral activity;    Acorus calamus;    Cymbopogon citratus;    Myristica fatua;   

DOI  :  10.3390/pathogens8020085

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Dengue infections are still a worldwide burden, especially in Indonesia. There is no specific medication against the dengue virus. Recently, many types of research have been conducted to discover a new drug for dengue virus using natural resource extracts. Indonesia, as a tropical country, has a wide biodiversity. There are several medicinal plants in Indonesia that are believed to possess anti-dengue activity, such as Myristica fatua, Cymbopogon citratus, and Acorus calamus plants. We conducted an in vitro laboratory experiment of several extracts from Indonesian herbs combined with in silico analysis. The extracts were evaluated for safety and antiviral activity in Huh7it-1 cell lines, using a single dose of 20 µg/mL and dose-dependent (5, 10, 20, 40, 80 and 160 µg/mL) of plant extracts against dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV-2) NGC strain. The DMSO 0.1% was used as a negative control. The cytotoxic aspect was assessed by counting the cell viability, while the antiviral activity was calculated by counting the average inhibition. The selectivity index (SI) of plant extracts were performed from a ratio of CC₅₀/EC₅₀ value. In silico analysis was conducted to determine the free energy of binding between NS5 of dengue virus with bioactive compounds contained in Myristica fatua, Cymbopogon citratus and Acorus calamus extract plants. We determined that all extracts were not toxic against Huh7it-1 cell lines. The methanolic extracts of A. calamus, C. citratus, and M. fatua showed inhibition of DENV-2 at a dose of 20 µg/mL to 96.5%, 98.9%, and 122.7%, respectively. The dose-dependent effects showed that M. fatua has the best inhibition activity towards DENV-2. Molecular docking result showed that artesunic acid within M. fatua has the best free energy of binding (−7.2 kcal/mol), followed by homoegonol (−7.1 kcal/mol) which was slightly different from artesunic acid among others. The methanolic extracts of A. calamus, C. citratus, and M. fatua showed prospective anti-dengue activities both in vitro and in silico. Future research should be conducted to find the pure extracts of all useful herbs as a new candidate of antiviral drug.

【 授权许可】

Unknown