A Review on Green Synthesis of Nanoparticles and Their Diverse Biomedical and Environmental Applications

Catalysts

Himanshu Patel¹  Ramachandran Balaji²  Madhumita Ravikumar³  Melvin S. Samuel³  Srikanth Vuppala⁴  J. Soundarya⁵  P. Sharath Chander⁵  Ethiraj Selvarajan⁶  Ashwini John J.⁶  Narendhar Chandrasekar⁷ 

[1] Applied Science and Humanities Department, Pacific School of Engineering, Kadodara, Palasana Road, Surat 394305, Gujarat, India;Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan;Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India;Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, 20133 Milan, Italy;Department of Computer Science and Engineering, SSN College of Engineering, Kalavakkam 603110, Tamil Nadu, India;Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India;Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College, Coimbatore 641022, Tamil Nadu, India;

关键词: biosynthesis;    biocompatible;    remediation;    degradation;    metal oxide;    nanoparticles;   

DOI  :  10.3390/catal12050459

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

In recent times, metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) have been regarded as having important commercial utility. However, the potential toxicity of these nanomaterials has also been a crucial research concern. In this regard, an important solution for ensuring lower toxicity levels and thereby facilitating an unhindered application in human consumer products is the green synthesis of these particles. Although a naïve approach, the biological synthesis of metal oxide NPs using microorganisms and plant extracts opens up immense prospects for the production of biocompatible and cost-effective particles with potential applications in the healthcare sector. An important area that calls for attention is cancer therapy and the intervention of nanotechnology to improve existing therapeutic practices. Metal oxide NPs have been identified as therapeutic agents with an extended half-life and therapeutic index and have also been reported to have lesser immunogenic properties. Currently, biosynthesized metal oxide NPs are the subject of considerable research and analysis for the early detection and treatment of tumors, but their performance in clinical experiments is yet to be determined. The present review provides a comprehensive account of recent research on the biosynthesis of metal oxide NPs, including mechanistic insights into biological production machinery, the latest reports on biogenesis, the properties of biosynthesized NPs, and directions for further improvement. In particular, scientific reports on the properties and applications of nanoparticles of the oxides of titanium, cerium, selenium, zinc, iron, and copper have been highlighted. This review discusses the significance of the green synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles, with respect to therapeutically based pharmaceutical applications as well as energy and environmental applications, using various novel approaches including one-minute sonochemical synthesis that are capable of responding to various stimuli such as radiation, heat, and pH. This study will provide new insight into novel methods that are cost-effective and pollution free, assisted by the biodegradation of biomass.

【 授权许可】

Unknown