Exosomes in Cardiovascular Diseases

Diagnostics

Jeness Campodonico¹  Leonardo Sandrini²  Marta Zarಠ Patrizia Amadio²  SilviaS. Barbieri² 

[1] Intensive Cardiac Care Unit, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, via Parea 4, 20138 Milan, Italy;Unit of Brain-Heart axis: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, via Parea 4, 20138 Milan, Italy;

关键词: exosomes;    diagnostic;    biomarkers;    cardiovascular disease;    extracellular vesicles;   

DOI  :  10.3390/diagnostics10110943

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Exosomes are nano-sized biovesicles of endocytic origin physiologically released by nearly all cell types into surrounding body fluids. They carry cell-specific cargos of protein, lipids, and genetic materials and can be selectively taken up by neighboring or distant cells. Since the intrinsic properties of exosomes are strictly influenced by the state of the parental cell and by the cellular microenvironment, the analysis of exosome origin and content, and their cell-targeting specificity, make them attractive as possible diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. While the possible role of exosomes as messengers and a regenerative tool in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is actively investigated, the evidence about their usefulness as biomarkers is still limited and incomplete. Further complications are due to the lack of consensus regarding the most appropriate approach for exosome isolation and characterization, both important issues for their effective clinical translation. As a consequence, in this review, we will discuss the few information currently accessible about the diagnostic/prognostic potential of exosomes in CVDs and on the methodologies available for exosome isolation, analysis, and characterization.

【 授权许可】

Unknown