The Reports on the Observance ofStandards and Codes (ROSC) Accounting and Auditing (A&A)program is a part of the joint World Bank-InternationalMonetary Fund (IMF) initiative on assisting member countriesto strengthen their financial system by improving theircapacity to comply with important internationally recognizedstandards and codes. The ROSC A&A diagnostic tool wasfirst developed in 2001. Whilst a number of relativelylimited amendments and updates have been introduced over theyears, this recent project is the first detailed revision ofthe tool. The purpose of this note is to provide an overviewof the key changes to the diagnostic tool. In revising thediagnostic tool, the Bank pursued two main objectives: (i)update and improve the existing four-part diagnostic tool toallow task teams to assess corporate sector A&Apractices in a manner that is consistent and comprehensive;and (ii) develop a set of guidelines to help teams inplanning and conducting ROSC A&A assessments using therevised diagnostic tool.