The promises and challenges of patient‐derived tumor organoids in drug development and precision oncology

Animal Models and Experimental Medicine

Ooha Kambhampati¹  Brian Niedzwecki¹  Stephanie Klosek¹  Lauren M. Granat¹  Kian Parsa¹  Dong Zhang¹ 

[1] Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine New York Institute of Technology Old Westbury New York;

关键词: drug testing;    patient derived tumor organoids;    precision oncology;    tumor models;   

DOI  :  10.1002/ame2.12077

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Abstract In the era of precision medicine, cancer researchers and oncologists are eagerly searching for more realistic, cost effective, and timely tumor models to aid drug development and precision oncology. Tumor models that can faithfully recapitulate the histological and molecular characteristics of various human tumors will be extremely valuable in increasing the successful rate of oncology drug development and discovering the most efficacious treatment regimen for cancer patients. Two‐dimensional (2D) cultured cancer cell lines, genetically engineered mouse tumor (GEMT) models, and patient‐derived tumor xenograft (PDTX) models have been widely used to investigate the biology of various types of cancers and test the efficacy of oncology drug candidates. However, due to either the failure to faithfully recapitulate the complexity of patient tumors in the case of 2D cultured cancer cells, or high cost and untimely for drug screening and testing in the case of GEMT and PDTX, new tumor models are urgently needed. The recently developed patient‐derived tumor organoids (PDTO) offer great potentials in uncovering novel biology of cancer development, accelerating the discovery of oncology drugs, and individualizing the treatment of cancers. In this review, we will summarize the recent progress in utilizing PDTO for oncology drug discovery. In addition, we will discuss the potentials and limitations of the current PDTO tumor models.

【 授权许可】

Unknown