Covid-19 and gender: lower rate but same mortality of severe disease in women—an observational study

BMC Pulmonary Medicine

HPG23 Covid-19 Study Group¹  Mauro Gori²  Dario Pellegrini²  Giulio Guagliumi²  Michele Senni²  Sandro Sironi³  Michele Colledan⁴  Laura Paris⁵  Simonetta Cesa⁶  Antonio Bellasi⁷  Roberto Cosentini⁸  Arianna Masciulli⁹  Tiziano Barbui⁹  Antonello Gavazzi⁹  Arianna Ghirardi⁹  Stefano Fagiuoli^1,10  Marco Rizzi^1,11  Ferdinando Luca Lorini^1,12  Giuseppe Remuzzi^1,13  Claudio Farina^1,14  Annapaola Callegaro^1,14  Piero Ruggenenti^1,15  Maria Sessa^1,16  Andrea Gianatti^1,17  Roberta Biza^1,18  Sofia Comandini^1,18  Fabiano Di Marco^1,18  Federico Raimondi^1,18  Chiara Allegri^1,18  Gianluca Imeri^1,18  Claudia Sanfilippo^1,18  Roberta Trapasso^1,18  Luca Novelli^1,18  Lisa Giuliani^1,18  Mariangela Amoroso^1,18  Marisa Anelli^1,18  Sabrina Buoro^1,19  Alessandro Rambaldi^2,20  England Hila^2,20  Filippo Maria Russo^2,20  Leonardo Manesso^2,20  Martina Monti^2,20  Pietro Mandelli^2,20  Lucia Gandini^2,20 

[1] ;Cardiovascular Department, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII;Department of Diagnostic Radiology, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII;Department of Health and Social Care Professions, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII;Department of Oncology and Hematology, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII;Department of Organ Failure and Transplantation, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII;Department of Research, Innovation, Brand Reputation, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII;Emergency Department, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII;FROM Research Foundation;Gastroenterology Hepatology and Transplantation Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII;Infectious Diseases Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII;Intensive Care Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII;Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research IRCCS, Anna Maria Astori Centre;Microbiology and Virology Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII;Nephrology Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII;Neurology Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII;Pathology Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII;Pulmonary Medicine Unit, Medicine Department, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII;Quality Management, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII;Università degli Studi di Milano;

关键词: Covid-19;    Gender;    Disease severity;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12890-021-01455-0

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Abstract Background Gender-related factors might affect vulnerability to Covid-19. The aim of this study was to describe the role of gender on clinical features and 28-day mortality in Covid-19 patients. Methods Observational study of Covid-19 patients hospitalized in Bergamo, Italy, during the first three weeks of the outbreak. Medical records, clinical, radiological and laboratory findings upon admission and treatment have been collected. Primary outcome was 28-day mortality since hospitalization. Results 431 consecutive adult patients were admitted. Female patients were 119 (27.6%) with a mean age of 67.0 ± 14.5 years (vs 67.8 ± 12.5 for males, p = 0.54). Previous history of myocardial infarction, vasculopathy and former smoking habits were more common for males. At the time of admission PaO2/FiO2 was similar between men and women (228 [IQR, 134–273] vs 238 mmHg [150–281], p = 0.28). Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) assistance was needed in the first 24 h more frequently in male patients (25.7% vs 13.0%; p = 0.006). Overall 28-day mortality was 26.1% in women and 38.1% in men (p = 0.018). Gender did not result an independent predictor of death once the parameters related to disease severity at presentation were included in the multivariable analysis (p = 0.898). Accordingly, the Kaplan–Meier survival analysis in female and male patients requiring CPAP or non-invasive ventilation in the first 24 h did not find a significant difference (p = 0.687). Conclusion Hospitalized women are less likely to die from Covid-19; however, once severe disease occurs, the risk of dying is similar to men. Further studies are needed to better investigate the role of gender in clinical course and outcome of Covid-19.

【 授权许可】

Unknown