Meta-analysis of effect of vegetarian diet on ischemic heart disease and all-cause mortality

American Journal of Preventive Cardiology

Elizabeth Verghese¹  Grant W. Reed²  Ankur Kalra²  Muhammad Shahzeb Khan²  Anirudh Kumar³  Anas Alameh³  Safi U. Khan⁴  Erin D. Michos⁵  Samir R. Kapadia⁶  Ahmad Jabri⁷  Ashish Kumar⁸ 

[1] Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Akron General, Akron, OH, USA;Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA;Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Akron General, Akron, OH, USA;Department of Internal Medicine, John H. Stroger Jr. Cook County Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA;Department of Internal Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA;Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA;Heart and Vascular Center, Case Western Reserve University/MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA;Section of Cardiovascular Research, Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Department, Cleveland Clinic Akron General, 224 West Exchange St, Suite 225, Akron, OH 44302, USA;

关键词: Vegetarian;    Mortality;    Diet;    Cardiovascular;    Cerebrovascular;   

DOI  :  

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Objective: To summarize the association between vegetarian versus non-vegetarian diet on mortality due to ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, or all-cause mortality. Methods: We searched PubMed, Cochrane databases, and ClinicalTrials.Gov from the inception of the databases to October 2019 with no language restriction. Randomized controlled trials or prospective observational studies comparing the association between vegetarian versus non-vegetarian diets among adults and reporting major adverse cardiovascular outcomes were selected. We used Paule-Mandel estimator for tau2 with Hartung–Knapp adjustment for random effects model to estimate risk ratio [RR] with 95% confidence interval [CI].The primary outcome of interest was all-cause mortality. The secondary outcome was ischemic heart disease mortality. Results: Eight observational studies (n = 131,869) were included in the analysis. Over a weighted mean follow-up of 10.68 years, very low certainty of evidence concluded that a vegetarian diet compared with a non-vegetarian diet was associated with similar risk of all-cause (RR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.65–1.07, I2: 97%) or cerebrovascular mortality (RR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.63–1.14, I2: 90%), but was associated with a reduced risk of ischemic heart disease mortality (RR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.55–0.89, I2: 82%). Conclusion: A vegetarian diet, compared with a non-vegetarian diet, was associated with a reduced risk of ischemic heart disease mortality, whereas it had no effect on all-cause and cerebrovascular mortality. However, the results are to be considered with caution considering the low certainty of evidence. Despite recent studies supporting no restriction on animal protein intake gaining wide media attention and public traction, consideration for vegetarianism amongst those with risk factors for coronary artery disease should be contemplated.

【 授权许可】

Unknown