Evolution of Homeologous Gene Expression in Polyploid Wheat

Genes

Chunming Xu¹  Brian D. Nadon¹  Na Zhao²  Scott A. Jackson³  Yuzhu Dong³  Bao Liu³  Qianli Dong³  Xutong Wang³  Xiaoyang Ding⁴ 

[1] Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;Department of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China;Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China;Soybean Research Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, China;

关键词: polyploidy;    transcriptome;    differentially expressed gene;    wheat;    whole genome duplication;   

DOI  :  10.3390/genes11121401

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Polyploidization has played a prominent role in the evolutionary history of plants. Two recent and sequential allopolyploidization events have resulted in the formation of wheat species with different ploidies, and which provide a model to study the effects of polyploidization on the evolution of gene expression. In this study, we identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between four BBAA tetraploid wheats of three different ploidy backgrounds. DEGs were found to be unevenly distributed among functional categories and duplication modes. We observed more DEGs in the extracted tetraploid wheat (ETW) than in natural tetraploid wheats (TD and TTR13) as compared to a synthetic tetraploid (AT2). Furthermore, DEGs showed higher Ka/Ks ratios than those that did not show expression changes (non-DEGs) between genotypes, indicating DEGs and non-DEGs experienced different selection pressures. For A-B homeolog pairs with DEGs, most of them had only one differentially expressed copy, however, when both copies of a homeolog pair were DEGs, the A and B copies were more likely to be regulated to the same direction. Our results suggest that both cis- and inter-subgenome trans-regulatory changes are important drivers in the evolution of homeologous gene expression in polyploid wheat, with ploidy playing a significant role in the process.

【 授权许可】

Unknown