Effects of Antifungal Carriers Based on Chitosan-Coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles on Microcosm Biofilms

Antibiotics

MarceloJosé dos Santos Oliveira¹  HeitorCeolin Araujo²  JulianoPelim Pessan²  Caio Sampaio²  AnneCaroline Morais Caldeirão³  DouglasRoberto Monteiro³  Gordon Ramage⁴  CamilaMiranda Tomasella⁵ 

[1] Department of Physics, School of Technology and Applied Sciences (FCT), São Paulo State University (Unesp), Presidente Prudente 19060-900, Brazil;Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba 16015-050, Brazil;Graduate Program in Dentistry (GPD-Master’s Degree), University of Western São Paulo (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente 19050-920, Brazil;Oral Sciences Research Group, Glasgow Dental School, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G2 3JZ, UK;School of Dentistry, University of Western São Paulo (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente 19050-920, Brazil;

关键词: antifungals;    biofilms;    Candida;    nanocarriers;    iron oxide nanoparticles;   

DOI  :  10.3390/antibiotics10050588

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Resistance of Candida species to conventional therapies has motivated the development of antifungal nanocarriers based on iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) coated with chitosan (CS). This study evaluates the effects of IONPs-CS as carriers of miconazole (MCZ) or fluconazole (FLZ) on microcosm biofilms. Pooled saliva from two healthy volunteers supplemented with C. albicans and C. glabrata was the inoculum for biofilm formation. Biofilms were formed for 96 h on coverslips using the Amsterdam Active Attachment model, followed by 24 h treatment with nanocarriers containing different concentrations of each antifungal (78 and 156 µg/mL). MCZ or FLZ (156 µg/mL), and untreated biofilms were considered as controls. Anti-biofilm effects were evaluated by enumeration of colony-forming units (CFUs), composition of the extracellular matrix, lactic acid production, and structure and live/dead biofilm cells (confocal laser scanning microscopy-CLSM). Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Fisher LSD’s test (α = 0.05). IONPs-CS carrying MCZ or FLZ were the most effective treatments in reducing CFUs compared to either an antifungal agent alone for C. albicans and MCZ for C. glabrata. Significant reductions in mutans streptococci and Lactobacillus spp. were shown, though mainly for the MCZ nanocarrier. Antifungals and their nanocarriers also showed significantly higher proportions of dead cells compared to untreated biofilm by CLSM (p < 0.001), and promoted significant reductions in lactic acid, while simultaneously showing increases in some components of the extracellular matrix. These findings reinforce the use of nanocarriers as effective alternatives to fight oral fungal infections.

【 授权许可】

Unknown