Micronutrient Deficiencies in Medical and Surgical Inpatients

Journal of Clinical Medicine

Nawfel Ben-Hamouda¹  Olivier Pantet¹  Antoine Schneider¹  MetteM Berger¹ 

[1] Service of Adult Intensive Care Medicine and Burns, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), BH 08.612, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;

关键词: iron;    copper;    selenium;    zinc;    thiamine;    vitamin B12;    obesity;    inflammation;    enteral nutrition;   

DOI  :  10.3390/jcm8070931

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Inpatients are threatened by global malnutrition, but also by specific micronutrient (i.e., trace element and vitamins) deficiencies that frequently are overseen in the differential diagnosis of major organ dysfunctions. Some of them are related to specific geographic risks (iodine, iron, selenium, zinc, vitamin A), while others are pathology related, and finally many are associated with specific feeding patterns, including low dose enteral feeding. Among the pathologies in which laboratory blood investigations should include a micronutrient outwork, anemia is in the front line, followed by obesity with bariatric surgery, chronic liver disease, kidney disease, inflammatory bowel disease, cardiomyopathies and heart failure. The micronutrients at the highest risk are iron, zinc, thiamine, vitamin B12 and vitamin C. Admission to hospital has been linked with an additional risk of malnutrition—feeding below 1500 kcal/day was frequent and has been associated with a structural additional risk of insufficient micronutrient intake to cover basal needs. Although not evidence based, systematic administration of liberal thiamine doses upon admission, and daily complementation of inpatients’ food and enteral feeding solutions with multi-micronutrient tablets might be considered.

【 授权许可】

Unknown