Urban environment and cognitive and motor function in children from four European birth cohorts

Environment International

Mariza Kampouri¹  Martine Vrijheid²  Mark Mon-Williams²  Loreto Santa-Marina³  Raquel Soler-Blasco⁴  Johanna Lepeule⁵  Llúcia González-Safont⁶  Mark Nieuwenhuijsen⁷  Jonathan Y. Bernard⁷  Marina Vafeiadi⁸  Rosie Mceachan⁹  John Wright^1,10  Mònica Guxens^1,10  Jordi Sunyer^1,11  Lucia Alonso^1,12  Anne-Claire Binter^1,13  Claire Philippat^1,13  Leda Chatzi^1,14  Ainara Andiarena^1,15 

[1] Biodonostia, Environmental Epidemiology and Child Development Group, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain;CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain;Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO −Universitat Jaume I −Universitat de Val ència, Valencia, Spain;National Centre for Optics, Vision and Eye Care, University of South-Eastern Norway, Kongsberg, Norway;School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK;Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore;Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain;Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford, West Yorkshire, UK;CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain;Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece;Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO −Universitat Jaume I −Universitat de Val ència, Valencia, Spain;Faculty of Psychology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain;ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain;University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, Team of Environmental Epidemiology applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), Grenoble, France;Université de Paris, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Inserm, INRAE, F-75004 Paris, France;

关键词: Urban environment;    Cognitive function;    Motor function;    Cohort;    Children;   

DOI  :  

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Background: The urban environment may influence neurodevelopment from conception onwards, but there is no evaluation of the impact of multiple groups of exposures simultaneously. We investigated the association between early-life urban environment and cognitive and motor function in children. Methods: We used data from 5403 mother–child pairs from four population-based birth-cohorts (UK, France, Spain, and Greece). We estimated thirteen urban home exposures during pregnancy and childhood, including: built environment, natural spaces, and air pollution. Verbal, non-verbal, gross motor, and fine motor functions were assessed using validated tests at five years old. We ran adjusted multi-exposure models using the Deletion-Substitution-Addition algorithm. Results: Higher greenness exposure within 300 m during pregnancy was associated with higher verbal abilities (1.5 points (95% confidence interval 0.4, 2.7) per 0.20 unit increase in greenness). Higher connectivity density within 100 m and land use diversity during pregnancy were related to lower verbal abilities. Childhood exposure to PM2.5 mediated 74% of the association between greenness during childhood and verbal abilities. Higher exposure to PM2.5 during pregnancy was related to lower fine motor function (-1.2 points (-2.1, -0.4) per 3.2 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5). No associations were found with non-verbal abilities and gross motor function. Discussion: This study suggests that built environment, greenness, and air pollution may impact child cognitive and motor function at five years old. This study adds evidence that well-designed urban planning may benefit children’s cognitive and motor development.

【 授权许可】

Unknown