The Association of Olfactory Dysfunction With Depression, Cognition, and Disease Severity in Parkinson's Disease

Frontiers in Neurology

Ching-Heng Lin¹  Yi-Huei Chen¹  Chun-Pai Yang²  Ting-Chun Fang³  Ming-Hong Chang⁴ 

[1] Department of Medical Education and Research, Taichung Veteran General Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan;Department of Neurology, Kuang Tien General Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan;Department of Neurology, Taichung Veteran General Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan;School of medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, Taiwan;

关键词: Parkinson's disease;    University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test;    non-motor symptoms;    anosmia;    depression;    cognitive impairment;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fneur.2021.779712

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Background: Non-motor subtypes of Parkinson's disease (PD) include the limbic, cognitive, and brainstem phenotype, which may have different pathological pathways with olfaction. In this work, we aim to clarify the association between olfactory dysfunction, depression, cognition, and disease severity in PD.Methods: A total of 105 PD subjects were included and divided into anosmia and non-anosmic groups, using the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT). All patients were evaluated with the movement disorder society unified Parkinson's disease rating scale (MDS-UPDRS), the Beck depression inventory (BDI)-II, and the Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA).Results: The BDI-II and UPSIT scores had a trend of reverse correlation without statistical significance (β-coefficient −0.12, p = 0.232). However, the odds ratio (OR) in anosmia was 2.74 (95% CI 1.01–7.46) for depression and 2.58 (95% CI 1.06–6.29) for cognitive impairment. For the MDS-UPDRS total and Part 3 score, the anosmia had a β-coefficient of 12.26 (95% CI 5.69–18.82) and 8.07 (95% CI 3.46–12.67), respectively. Neither depression nor cognitive impairment is associated with motor symptoms.Conclusion: More severe olfactory dysfunction in PD is associated with cognitive impairment and greater disease severity. Depression in PD may involve complex pathways, causing relatively weak association with olfactory dysfunction.

【 授权许可】

Unknown