Effects of Different Exercise Training Protocols on Gene Expression of Rac1 and PAK1 in Healthy Rat Fast- and Slow-Type Muscles

Frontiers in Physiology

Jussi Toivanen²  Tove J. Grönroos²  Minna Yli-Karjanmaa²  Saara Laine²  Rami Mäkelä³  Juha Rantala³  Heidi Högel⁴  Ilkka Heinonen⁵  Tamiko Ishizu⁶  Kari K. Kalliokoski⁸  Jarna C. Hannukainen⁸ 

[1] Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland;MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland;Misvik Biology, Turku, Finland;Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Jokioinen, Finland;Rydberg Laboratory of Applied Sciences, University of Halmstad, Halmstad, Sweden;TuDMM Doctoral Programmes, University of Turku, Turku, Finland;Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland;Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland;

关键词: skeletal muscle;    exercise;    glucose uptake;    HIIT;    MICT;    Rac1;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fphys.2020.584661

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

PurposeRac1 and its downstream target PAK1 are novel regulators of insulin and exercise-induced glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. However, it is not yet understood how different training intensities affect the expression of these proteins. Therefore, we studied the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on Rac1 and PAK1 expression in fast-type (gastrocnemius, GC) and slow-type (soleus, SOL) muscles in rats after HIIT and MICT swimming exercises.MethodsThe mRNA expression was determined using qPCR and protein expression levels with reverse-phase protein microarray (RPPA).ResultsHIIT significantly decreased Rac1 mRNA expression in GC compared to MICT (p = 0.003) and to the control group (CON) (p = 0.001). At the protein level Rac1 was increased in GC in both training groups, but only the difference between HIIT and CON was significant (p = 0.02). HIIT caused significant decrease of PAK1 mRNA expression in GC compared to MICT (p = 0.007) and to CON (p = 0.001). At the protein level, HIIT increased PAK1 expression in GC compared to MICT and CON (by ∼17%), but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.3, p = 0.2, respectively). There were no significant differences in the Rac1 or PAK1 expression in SOL between the groups.ConclusionOur results indicate that HIIT, but not MICT, decreases Rac1 and PAK1 mRNA expression and increases the protein expression of especially Rac1 but only in fast-type muscle. These exercise training findings may reveal new therapeutic targets to treat patients with metabolic diseases.

【 授权许可】

Unknown