Ginsenoside Rb1 prevents deoxynivalenol-induced immune injury via alleviating oxidative stress and apoptosis in mice

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

Aftab Shaukat¹  Ahmad El Askary²  Mashael Alhumaidi Alotaibi³  Imran Rashid Rajput⁴  Shahid Ali Rajput⁵  Zuhair M. Mohammedsaleh⁶  Muna O. Alamoudi⁷  Muhammad Saeed⁸  Zahid Iqbal⁹  Rana Waseem Akhtar^1,10  Asghar Ali Kamboh^1,11  Syed Aftab Hussain Shah^1,12  Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim^1,12  Muhammad Asif Raza^1,13  Rabab M. Aljarai^1,14 

[1] Corresponding author.;Technological Information Center, Quaid-i-Azam University Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan;Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia;College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China;Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China;Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Saudi Arabia;Department of Pharmacology, Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation, Carson Cancer Stem Cell Vaccine R&D Center, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China;Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Pakistan;Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Bahawalpur, Pakistan;Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Lasbela University of Agriculture Water and Marine Science, Uthal, Balochistan, Pakistan;Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan;;Pakistan Scientific &Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;

关键词: Deoxynivalenol;    Ginsenoside Rb1;    Mice;    Oxidative Stress;    Apoptosis;    Immunotoxicity;   

DOI  :  

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is considered to be a grave threat to humans and animals. Ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1) has been reported for its antioxidant potential and medicinal properties. However, the shielding effects of Rb1 and the precise molecular mechanisms against DON-induced immunotoxicity in mice have not been reported yet. In the present research, 4-weeks old healthy C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned into four experimental groups (n = 12), viz., CON, DON 3 mg/kg BW, Rb1 50 mg/kg BW and DON 3 mg/kg + Rb1 50 mg/kg BW (DON + Rb1). Feed intake and body weight gain were monitored during the entire experiment (15 d). Our results demonstrated that Rb1 markedly increased the ADG (30%) and ADFI (25.10%) of mice compared with DON group. Furthermore, Rb1 alleviated the DON-induced immune injury by relieving the splenic histopathological alteration, enhancing the T-lymphocytes subsets (CD4+, CD8+), the levels of cytokines (IL-2, IL-6, IFN-γ, and TNF-α), as well as production of immunoglobulins (IgA, IgM, and IgG). Moreover, Rb1 ameliorated DON-inflicted oxidative stress by reducing the ROS, MDA and H2O2 contents and boosting the antioxidant defense system (T-AOC, T-SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px). Additionally, Rb1 significantly reversed the DON-induced excessive splenic apoptosis via modulating the mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway in mice, depicting the decreased percentage of splenocyte apoptotic cells by 26.65%, down-regulated the mRNA abundance of Bax, caspase-3, caspase-9, and protein expression of Bax, cleaved caspase-3, and Cyt-c. Simultaneously, Rb1 markedly rescued both Bcl-2 mRNA and protein expression levels. Taken together, Rb1 mitigates DON-induced immune injury by suppressing the oxidative damage and regulating the mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway in mice. Conclusively, our current research provides an insight into the preventive mechanism of Rb1 against DON-induced immune injury in mice and thus, presents a scientific baseline for the therapeutic application of Rb1.

【 授权许可】

Unknown