Container-Based Sanitation Services and Attrition: An Examination of Drivers and Implications

Frontiers in Environmental Science

Kory C. Russel¹  Froggi VanRiper²  Daniel Tillias³  Erica Lloyd⁴  Sasha Kramer⁴  Jessica Laporte⁴  Lori A. Cramer⁵ 

[1] Department of Landscape Architecture and Environmental Studies Program, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States;Environmental Sciences Graduate Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States;FatraKa, Cite Soleil, Haiti;SOIL, Cap Haïtien, Haiti;School of Public Policy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States;

关键词: container-based sanitation;    urban sanitation;    non-sewered sanitation;    citywide inclusive sanitation;    safely managed sanitation;    SDG6;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fenvs.2021.817142

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Haiti is far from achieving the UN goal of sanitation access for all; 20% of the population has no sanitation access, and less than 0.1% of the country’s excreta is safely managed. Container-Based Sanitation (CBS) may be key to achieving timely and equitable sanitation coverage in Haiti’s cities. CBS can provide immediate sanitation access without preexisting infrastructure, and where permanent infrastructure is impractical. Investor caution and policy barriers, however, presently limit the growth of CBS solutions. Globally, most CBS services are provided by private organizations like EkoLakay, which provides a portable toilet and weekly excreta collection for a monthly fee. While the EkoLakay service is popular, attrition is high. This study examines the relationship between users and the service, and its role in improved sanitation accessibility. For this study, 633 active and former EkoLakay subscribers in Cap Haïtien were interviewed to reveal causes and implications of attrition. Households with active EkoLakay subscriptions are more likely than former subscribers to live in unauthorized informal residences and to lack energy or water infrastructure. A quarter of users unsubscribe voluntarily, after investing in permanent sanitation infrastructure. Over 30% of former users, however, reported unsubscribing due to economic challenges. Many involuntary terminations resulted in households losing access to private improved sanitation or reverting to open defecation, reducing progress toward global sustainability goals. Insights obtained contextualize the relationship between users and CBS services to inform public strategies for mitigating barriers to achieving universal safe sanitation.

【 授权许可】

Unknown