Composition and Functions of the Gut Microbiome in Pediatric Obesity: Relationships with Markers of Insulin Resistance

Microorganisms

Jens Walter¹  Catherine J. Field²  Edward C. Deehan³  Karen L. Madsen³  Qiming Tan⁴  Andrea M. Haqq⁴  Hein M. Tun⁵  Ye Peng⁵  Camila E. Orsso⁶  Carla M. Prado⁶ 

[1] APC Microbiome Ireland, School of Microbiology, and Department of Medicine, University College Cork—National University of Ireland, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland;Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada;Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2C2, Canada;Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada;HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China;Human Nutrition Research Unit, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, 4-002 Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Innovation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada;

关键词: gut microbiome;    microbiota;    shotgun metagenomics;    insulin resistance;    HOMA-IR;    childhood obesity;   

DOI  :  10.3390/microorganisms9071490

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The gut microbiome is hypothesized to play a crucial role in the development of obesity and insulin resistance (IR); the pathways linking the microbiome to IR in pediatrics have yet to be precisely characterized. We aimed to determine the relationship between the gut microbiome composition and metabolic functions and IR in children with obesity. In a cross-sectional study, fecal samples from children with obesity (10–16 years old) were collected for taxonomical and functional analysis of the fecal microbiome using shotgun metagenomics. The homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was determined using fasting glucose and insulin. Associations between HOMA-IR and α-diversity measures as well as metabolic pathways were evaluated using Spearman correlations; relationships between HOMA-IR and β-diversity were assessed by permutational multivariate analysis of variance. Twenty-one children (nine males; median: age = 12.0 years; BMI z-score = 2.9; HOMA-IR = 3.6) completed the study. HOMA-IR was significantly associated with measures of α-diversity but not with β-diversity. Children with higher HOMA-IR exhibited lower overall species richness, Firmicutes species richness, and overall Proteobacteria species Shannon diversity. Furthermore, HOMA-IR was inversely correlated with the abundance of pathways related to the biosynthesis of lipopolysaccharides, amino acids, and short-chain fatty acids, whereas positive correlations between HOMA-IR and the peptidoglycan biosynthesis pathways were observed. In conclusion, insulin resistance was associated with decreased microbial α-diversity measures and abundance of genes related to the metabolic pathways. Our study provides a framework for understanding the microbial alterations in pediatric obesity.

【 授权许可】

Unknown