Differences in Humoral and Cellular Vaccine Responses to SARS-CoV-2 in Kidney and Liver Transplant Recipients

Frontiers in Immunology

Jonathan S. Maltzman²  Caterina Di Bella³  Lucrezia Furian³  Erica Nuzzolese³  Marianna Di Bello³  Umberto Maggiore⁴  Meenakshi Rana⁵  Francesco Paolo Russo⁶  Clara Agnolon⁶  Debora Bizzaro⁶  Patrizia Burra⁶  Gianluigi Zaza⁷  Yesl Kim⁸  Sander Florman⁹  Jar-How Lee^1,10  Susan Hartzell^1,11  Paolo Cravedi^1,11 

[1] 0Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States;1Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Veteran Affairs (VA) Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States;Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, Unit of Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation, University of Padua, Padua, Italy;Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Università di Parma, Unita’ Operativa (UO) Nefrologia, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Parma, Parma, Italy;Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States;Multivisceral Transplant Unit-Gastroenterology, Department of Surgical Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy;Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy;Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, United States;Recanati-Miller Transplantation Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, United States;Terasaki Innovation Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States;Translational Transplant Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States;

关键词: COVID-19;    antibody;    T cell;    variant;    immunosuppression;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fimmu.2022.853682

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

The antibody and T cell responses after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination have not been formally compared between kidney and liver transplant recipients. Using a multiplex assay, we measured IgG levels against 4 epitopes of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and nucleocapsid (NC) antigen, SARS-CoV-2 variants, and common coronaviruses in serial blood samples from 52 kidney and 50 liver transplant recipients undergoing mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. We quantified IFN-γ/IL-2 T cells reactive against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein by FluoroSpot. We used multivariable generalized linear models to adjust for the differences in immunosuppression between groups. In liver transplant recipients, IgG levels against every SARS-CoV-2 spike epitope increased significantly more than in kidney transplant recipients (MFI: 19,617 vs 6,056; P<0.001), a difference that remained significant after adjustments. Vaccine did not affect IgG levels against NC nor common coronaviruses. Elicited antibodies recognized all variants tested but at significantly lower strength than the original Wuhan strain. Anti-spike IFN-γ-producing T cells increased significantly more in liver than in kidney transplant recipients (IFN-γ-producing T cells 28 vs 11 spots/5x105 cells), but this difference lost statistical significance after adjustments. SARS-CoV-2 vaccine elicits a stronger antibody response in liver than in kidney transplant recipients, a phenomenon that is not entirely explained by the different immunosuppression.

【 授权许可】

Unknown