SARS-CoV-2: Recent Variants and Clinical Efficacy of Antibody-Based Therapy

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology

Desh Deepak Singh¹  Anshul Sharma²  Dharmendra K. Yadav³  Hae-Jeung Lee⁴ 

[1] Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India;Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea;Department of Pharmacy, Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea;Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea;Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea;

关键词: SARS-CoV-2;    variant;    antibody;    treatment;    efficacy;    neutralization;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fcimb.2022.839170

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Multiple variants of SARS-CoV-2 have emerged and are now prevalent at the global level. Currently designated variants of concern (VOCs) are B.1.1.7, B1.351, P.1, B.1.617.2 variants and B.1.1.529. Possible options for VOC are urgently required as they carry mutations in the virus spike protein that allow them to spread more easily and cause more serious illness. The primary targets for most therapeutic methods against SARS-CoV-2 are the S (Spike) protein and RBD (Receptor-Binding Domain), which alter the binding to ACE2 (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2). The most popular of these strategies involves the use of drug development targeting the RBD and the NTD (N-terminal domain) of the spike protein and multiple epitopes of the S protein. Various types of mutations have been observed in the RBDs of B.1.1.7, B1.351, P. and B.1.620. The incidence of RBD mutations increases the binding affinity to the ACE2 receptor. The high binding affinity of RBD and ACE2 has provided a structural basis for future evaluation of antibodies and drug development. Here we discuss the variants of SARS-CoV-2 and recent updates on the clinical evaluation of antibody-based treatment options. Presently, most of the antibody-based treatments have been effective in patients with SARS-CoV-2. However, there are still significant challenges in verifying independence, and the need for further clinical evaluation.

【 授权许可】

Unknown