Gut Microbial Profile Is Associated With Residential Settings and Not Nutritional Status in Adults in Karnataka, India

Frontiers in Nutrition

卷:8

Gift Norman¹  Leeberk Raja Inbaraj¹  Amrita Vijay²  Ana M. Valdes²  Jane I. Grove³  Guruprasad P. Aithal³  Stuart Astbury³  Ojasvi Mehta³ 

[1] Department of Community Health, Bangalore Baptist Hospital, Bangalore, India;

[2] Division of Rheumatology, Orthopedics and Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom;

[3] National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Center, Nottingham University Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Trust and University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom;

[4] Nottingham Digestive Diseases Center, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom;

关键词: BMI;    gut microbiota;    undernourished;    adults';    rural—urban linkages;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fnut.2021.595756

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Undernutrition is a leading contributor to disease and disability in people of all ages. Several studies have reported significant association between nutritional status and gut microbiome composition but other factors such as demographic settings may also influence the adult microbiome. The relationship between undernourishment and gut microbiome in adults has not been described to date. In this study, we compared the gut microbiome in fecal samples of 48 individuals, from two demographic settings (rural and urban slum) in Karnataka, India using 16S rRNA sequencing. Nutritional status was assessed based on BMI, with a BMI of < 18.5 kg/m2 classified as undernourished, and a BMI in the range 18.5–25 kg/m2 as nourished. We analyzed 25 individuals from rural settings (12 undernourished and 13 nourished) and 23 individuals from urban slum settings (11 undernourished and 12 nourished). We found no significant difference in overall gut microbial diversity (Shannon and Unweighted UniFrac) between undernourished and nourished individuals in either geographical settings, however, microbial taxa at the phylum level (i.e., Firmicutes and Proteobacteria) and beta diversity (unweighted UniFrac) differed significantly between the rural and urban slum settings. By predicting microbial function from 16S data profiling we found significant differences in metabolic pathways present in the gut microbiota from people residing in different settings; specifically, those related to carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. The weighted sum of the KEGG Orthologs associated with carbohydrate metabolism (Spearman's correlation coefficient, ρ = −0.707, p < 0.001), lipid metabolism (Spearman's correlation coefficient, ρ = −0.330, p < 0.022) and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites (Spearman's correlation coefficient, ρ = −0.507, p < 0.001) were decreased in the urban slum group compared to the rural group. In conclusion, we report that the geographical location of residence is associated with differences in gut microbiome composition in adults. We found no significant differences in microbiome composition between nourished and undernourished adults from urban slum or rural settings in India.

【 授权许可】

Unknown