Disturbed amino acid metabolism in HIV: association with neuropsychiatric symptoms

Frontiers in Psychiatry

卷:6

Katharina eKurz¹  Johanna M Gostner¹  Dietmar eFuchs¹  Kathrin eBecker¹ 

[1] Medical University of Innsbruck;

关键词: HIV;    Kynurenine;    Phenylalanine;    Phenylalanine Hydroxylase;    Tryptophan;    Tyrosine;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00097

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Blood levels of the amino acid phenylalanine, as well as of the tryptophan breakdown product kynurenine, are found to be elevated in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected patients. Both essential amino acids, tryptophan and phenylalanine are important precursor molecules for neurotransmitter biosynthesis. Thus, dysregulated amino acid metabolism may be related to disease-associated neuropsychiatric symptoms such as development of depression, fatigue, and cognitive impairment.Increased phenylalanine/tyrosine and kynurenine/tryptophan ratios are associated with immune activation in patients with HIV-1 infection and decrease upon effective antiretroviral therapy. Recent large-scale metabolic studies have confirmed the crucial involvement of tryptophan and phenylalanine metabolism in HIV-associated disease. Herein, we summarize the current status of the role of tryptophan and phenylalanine metabolism in HIV disease and discuss how inflammatory stress-associated dysregulation of amino acid metabolism may be part of the pathophysiology of common HIV-associated neuropsychiatric conditions.

【 授权许可】

Unknown