Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Relation to Gastric Cancer in Afghanistan

Frontiers in Nutrition

卷:9

Ahmad Mujtaba Barekzai¹  Seyed Mohammad Mousavi¹  Freshta Amiry²  Ahmad Esmaillzadeh³ 

[1] Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;

[2] Department of Public Health Management, School of Public Health, Kabul University of Medical Sciences, Kabul, Afghanistan;

[3] Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran;

[4] Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;

关键词: diet;    gastric cancer;    Mediterranean diet (MD);    case-control;    Afghanistan;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fnut.2022.830646

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundDespite the adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern (MD) being associated with a reduced risk of several cancers, there is no report about the highly prevalent diet-disease associations in Afghanistan, particularly about gastric cancer (GC).ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the association between MD and GC in Afghanistan.MethodsThis hospital-based case-control study was carried out on a total number of 270 subjects (90 cases and 180 controls) aged between 20 and 75 years. Using the convenience-sampling method, cases and controls were selected. Cases were patients with GC whose condition was pathologically confirmed. The controls were apparently healthy people who were matched with cases in terms of age (±5 years) and sex. Assessment of dietary intake was done using a pre-tested food frequency questionnaire, designed specifically for Afghanistan. Adherence to the MD pattern was done based on the scores suggested in earlier studies.ResultsOut of 270 studied subjects, 73% were men. We found that subjects in the highest tertile of MD score had 52% decreased odds of GC (OR: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.24–0.98, P-trend = 0.05) compared with those in the lowest tertile. After considering potential environmental factors, age, and sex, the observed association disappeared (OR: 0.43; 95% CI: 0.13–1.38, P-trend = 0.41). After further adjustment for BMI in the last model, we found that participants with the highest MD score were 83% less likely to have GC than those in the lowest tertile (OR: 0.17; 95% CI: 0.03–0.80, P-trend = 0.14).ConclusionWe found that greater adherence to MD might be associated with a lower odds of GC.

【 授权许可】

Unknown