Amino acid-dependent control of mTORC1 signaling: a variety of regulatory modes

Journal of Biomedical Science

卷:27

Terunao Takahara¹  Hideki Shibata¹  Yuna Amemiya¹  Risa Sugiyama¹  Masatoshi Maki¹ 

[1] Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University;

关键词: mTOR;    mTORC1;    Amino acids;    Rag GTPases;    Rheb GTPase;    Intracellular Ca2+ concentration;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12929-020-00679-2

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Abstract The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is an essential regulator of cell growth and metabolism through the modulation of protein and lipid synthesis, lysosome biogenesis, and autophagy. The activity of mTORC1 is dynamically regulated by several environmental cues, including amino acid availability, growth factors, energy levels, and stresses, to coordinate cellular status with environmental conditions. Dysregulation of mTORC1 activity is closely associated with various diseases, including diabetes, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders. The discovery of Rag GTPases has greatly expanded our understanding of the regulation of mTORC1 activity by amino acids, especially leucine and arginine. In addition to Rag GTPases, other factors that also contribute to the modulation of mTORC1 activity have been identified. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of regulation of mTORC1 activity by particular amino acids.

【 授权许可】

Unknown