Sociodemographic and lifestyle-related risk factors for identifying vulnerable groups for type 2 diabetes: a narrative review with emphasis on data from Europe

BMC Endocrine Disorders

卷:20

on behalf of the Feel4Diabetes-study Group¹  Ioannis Kyrou²  Peter E. H. Schwarz³  Patrick Timpel³  Tsvetalina Tankova⁴  Csilla Semanova⁵  Anna Nanasi⁵  Greet Cardon⁶  Vicky Van Stappen⁶  Julie Latomme⁶  Yannis Manios⁷  Christina Mavrogianni⁷  Constantine Tsigos⁷  Violeta Iotova⁸  Kaloyan Tsochev⁸  Jemina Kivelä⁹  Katja Wikström⁹  George Dafoulas¹⁰  Konstantinos Makrilakis¹⁰  Itziar Lamiquiz-Moneo¹¹  Rocío Mateo-Gallego¹¹ 

[1] ;

[2] Aston Medical Research Institute, Aston Medical School, Aston University;

[3] Department for Prevention and Care of Diabetes, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden;

[4] Department of Diabetology, Clinical Center of Endocrinology, Medical University Sofia;

[5] Department of Family and Occupational Medicine, University of Debrecen;

[6] Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University;

[7] Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education Harokopio University;

[8] Department of Paediatrics, Medical University Varna;

[9] Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare;

[10] National and Kapodistrian University of Athens;

[11] Unidad Clínica y de Investigación en Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón) CIBERCV;

关键词: Type 2 diabetes;    Risk factors;    Socioeconomic status;    Obesity;    Lifestyle;    Diet;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12902-019-0463-3

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Abstract Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) comprises the vast majority of all diabetes cases in adults, with alarmingly increasing prevalence over the past few decades worldwide. A particularly heavy healthcare burden of diabetes is noted in Europe, where 8.8% of the population aged 20–79 years is estimated to have diabetes according to the International Diabetes Federation. Multiple risk factors are implicated in the pathogenesis of T2DM with complex underlying interplay and intricate gene-environment interactions. Thus, intense research has been focused on studying the role of T2DM risk factors and on identifying vulnerable groups for T2DM in the general population which can then be targeted for prevention interventions. Methods For this narrative review, we conducted a comprehensive search of the existing literature on T2DM risk factors, focusing on studies in adult cohorts from European countries which were published in English after January 2000. Results Multiple lifestyle-related and sociodemographic factors were identified as related to high T2DM risk, including age, ethnicity, family history, low socioeconomic status, obesity, metabolic syndrome and each of its components, as well as certain unhealthy lifestyle behaviors. As Europe has an increasingly aging population, multiple migrant and ethnic minority groups and significant socioeconomic diversity both within and across different countries, this review focuses not only on modifiable T2DM risk factors, but also on the impact of pertinent demographic and socioeconomic factors. Conclusion In addition to other T2DM risk factors, low socioeconomic status can significantly increase the risk for prediabetes and T2DM, but is often overlooked. In multinational and multicultural regions such as Europe, a holistic approach, which will take into account both traditional and socioeconomic/socioecological factors, is becoming increasingly crucial in order to implement multidimensional public health programs and integrated community-based interventions for effective T2DM prevention.

【 授权许可】

Unknown