Engineered CRISPR-Cas systems for the detection and control of antibiotic-resistant infections

Journal of Nanobiotechnology

Pengfei Zhang¹  Zhi Ruan²  Yuye Wu²  Mohammed J. Hakeem³  Dheerendranath Battalapalli⁴  Mohamed S. Draz⁴  Venkatarao Selamneni⁴ 

[1] Department of Central Laboratory, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China;Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China;Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA;

关键词: Bacteria;    CRISPR-Cas;    Antibiotic resistance;    Therapy;    Detection;    Delivery;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12951-021-01132-8

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

Antibiotic resistance is spreading rapidly around the world and seriously impeding efforts to control microbial infections. Although nucleic acid testing is widely deployed for the detection of antibiotic resistant bacteria, the current techniques—mainly based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR)—are time-consuming and laborious. There is an urgent need to develop new strategies to control bacterial infections and the spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The CRISPR-Cas system is an adaptive immune system found in many prokaryotes that presents attractive opportunities to target and edit nucleic acids with high precision and reliability. Engineered CRISPR-Cas systems are reported to effectively kill bacteria or even revert bacterial resistance to antibiotics (resensitizing bacterial cells to antibiotics). Strategies for combating antimicrobial resistance using CRISPR (i.e., Cas9, Cas12, Cas13, and Cas14) can be of great significance in detecting bacteria and their resistance to antibiotics. This review discusses the structures, mechanisms, and detection methods of CRISPR-Cas systems and how these systems can be engineered for the rapid and reliable detection of bacteria using various approaches, with a particular focus on nanoparticles. In addition, we summarize the most recent advances in applying the CRISPR-Cas system for virulence modulation of bacterial infections and combating antimicrobial resistance.Graphical Abstract

【 授权许可】

CC BY