Autophagy deficiency in neurodevelopmental disorders

Cell & Bioscience

Zhenyu Yue¹  Xiaoting Zhou²  Zhiqiang Deng³  Jia-Hong Lu³ 

[1] Department of Neurology, The Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 10029, New York, NY, USA;Department of Neurology, The Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 10029, New York, NY, USA;Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China;State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, 999078, Macao SAR, China;

关键词: Neurodevelopmental disorders;    Autism;    Neuronal autophagy;    Neurogenesis;    Synaptic development;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s13578-021-00726-x

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

Autophagy is a cell self-digestion pathway through lysosome and plays a critical role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and cytoprotection. Characterization of autophagy related genes in cell and animal models reveals diverse physiological functions of autophagy in various cell types and tissues. In central nervous system, by recycling injured organelles and misfolded protein complexes or aggregates, autophagy is integrated into synaptic functions of neurons and subjected to distinct regulation in presynaptic and postsynaptic neuronal compartments. A plethora of studies have shown the neuroprotective function of autophagy in major neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Huntington’s disease (HD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Recent human genetic and genomic evidence has demonstrated an emerging, significant role of autophagy in human brain development and prevention of spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders. Here we will review the evidence demonstrating the causal link of autophagy deficiency to congenital brain diseases, the mechanism whereby autophagy functions in neurodevelopment, and therapeutic potential of autophagy.

【 授权许可】

CC BY