Energy dissipation of quantum-dot cellular automata logic gates

Micro & nano letters

article

Ehsan Rahimi¹ 

[1] School of Electrical and Robotic Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology

关键词: quantum dots;    cellular automata;    logic gates;    energy dissipation;    quantum-dot cellular automata logic gates;    nanoelectronics;    binary information;    charge configuration;    electrostatic approach;    thermodynamic approach;    output states;   

DOI  :  10.1049/mnl.2015.0535

学科分类：计算机科学（综合）

来源: Wiley

【 摘 要 】

Objective: Both, general anesthesia (GA) and the amount of opioids used have been reported to befactors in the development of postoperative delirium (POD) in some studies, it remains unknown whetherthey affect delirium after hip surgery.The aim of this study was to investigate whether GA and the amount of intraoperative opioid increasedelirium after femoral neck surgery.Methodology: This study included 188 patients who underwent for hip surgery between January 2009and July 2013. The patients with POD (delirium group) were diagnosed using the Confusion AssessmentMethod (CAM) based on a review of electronic medical records were included in Group D, and rest of thepatients in Group ND. Preoperative comorbidities, method of anesthesia, and method of intraoperativeanalgesia were retrospectively compared between the groups. Univariate analysis was performed toexamine factors in the two groups. Then, variables with p<0.05 on univariate analysis were examinedby multivariate analysis. Multivariate analysis was performed using logistic regression to determine theadjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval.Results: 43 (22.87%) patients were diagnosed with POD (Group D). No significant differences wereobserved between groups in the method of anesthesia (spinal anesthesia, GA, combined spinal-epiduralanesthesia ), the amount of intraoperative opioid (dose of remifentanil or fentanyl). The only independentrisk factor for POD found was the old age (95% CI 1.021-1.126, P=0.005).Conclusion: This study demonstrated that general anesthesia and the amount of intraoperative opioiddid not affect delirium after femoral neck surgery.

【 授权许可】

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