Study on the chemical bond structure and chemical stability of N doped into TiO 2 film by N ion beam implantation

Micro & nano letters

article

Jindong Liu¹  Shiping Zhao¹  Hualin Wang¹  Yunxian Cui²  Weiwei Jiang¹  Shimin Liu¹  Nan Wang¹  Chaoqian Liu¹  Weiping Chai¹  Wanyu Ding¹ 

[1] College of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University;College of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University;State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Float Glass, Dalian Jiaotong University

关键词: bonds (chemical);    ion implantation;    titanium compounds;    semiconductor thin films;    nitrogen;    sputter deposition;    X-ray diffraction;    crystal structure;    transmission electron microscopy;    X-ray photoelectron spectra;    energy gap;    annealing;    chemical bond structure;    chemical stability;    ion beam implantation;    titanium dioxide film;    DC pulse magnetron sputtering;    X-ray diffractometer;    crystal structure;    anatase polycrystalline structure;    transmission electron microscopy;    nanoscale clusters;    X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy;    bandgap;    annealing;    crystallinity;    power 900 W;    TiO2N;   

DOI  :  10.1049/mnl.2016.0322

学科分类：计算机科学（综合）

来源: Wiley

【 摘 要 】

Background and objective: Spinal anesthesia is a preferred method in daily practice as it provides muscle relaxation and maintains spontaneous respiration during surgical procedures. Opiods, midazolam, ketamine, propofol and dexmedetomidine are the generally preferred sedoanalgesic agents. Ketofol, a mixture of ketamine and propofol, is a good analgesic and also provides sedation even at low doses.Methodology: 54 inguinal hernia surgery patients were included and divided into two groups: propofol group (Group P, n: 27) and ketofol group (Group KP, n: 27). The ketofol mixture was obtained by mixing 2 ml of ketamine (50 mg/ml) with 8 ml saline and then adding 10 ml of propofol (%1, 10 mg/ml) to acquire a solution of 5mg/ml ketamine and 5 mg/ml propofol.  The Ramsay sedation scale (RSS) and bispectral index (BIS) were used to determine the response to sedation and analgesia. Intraoperative hemodynamic parameters and medication dosages were recorded. At postoperative 12th hour visual analog scale (VAS) was performed to measure patient satisfaction and pain. Results: Although the duration of surgery was similar in both groups, the durationin intensive care unit was significantly longer in Group P (p:0.002, Table 1). The timetaken to reach Ramsay 3 value was significantly shorter in Group KP than inGroup P (6.8 ± 5.1 vs 9.6 ± 7.2 minutes, p:0.042). Group KP patients were also highly satisfied and experienced less pain in postoperative period according to VAS evaluation (p: 0.04).Conclusion: Ketofol is a good alternative for propofol in spinal anesthesia for regional surgeries with higher postoperative patient satisfaction, lower pain rates and shorter intensive care requirements.

【 授权许可】

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