Enhanced performance of large-area vertical light-emitting diodes treated by laser irradiation

Micro & nano letters

article

Yang Li¹  Qun Wu²  Fan-Yi Meng²  Ho-Kun Sung³  Zhao Yao⁴  Run-Yuan Sun¹  Cong Wang² 

[1] School of Information Science and Engineering, University of Jinan;Department of Microwave Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology;Korea Advanced Nano Fab Center (KANC);College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Qingdao University

关键词: light emitting diodes;    surface treatment;    wafer bonding;    gallium compounds;    III-V semiconductors;    wide band gap semiconductors;    electrical conductivity;    laser materials processing;    large-area vertical light-emitting diodes;    surface treatment;    graphite substrate;    laser lift-off;    wafer bonding;    KrF laser irradiation;    undoped gallium nitride;    light output power;    VLED;    microsized protrusions;    energy density;    electrical properties;    current 350 mA;    C;    GaN;   

DOI  :  10.1049/mnl.2016.0699

学科分类：计算机科学（综合）

来源: Wiley

【 摘 要 】

this are related to the fact that withholding is passive, whereas withdrawing is active and associated with a greatersense of moral responsibility. Withdrawing or terminating ventilation in Intensive Care Unit (ICU), even in aterminally sick patient, needs thoughtful review, particularly in those patients who are not yet brain dead. Somany arguments may be offered against termination of ventilatory support. Ventilation is a part of palliative carewhich is always instituted to improve the quality of life and to relieve physical as well as psychosocial problems.Age is a very important factor as younger patients have a greater chance to improve than elderly, if the brainis not yet dead. Even during end of life care, not only ventilation is continued, but antibiotics, nutrition andcare of bed-sores etc is also continued. As far as moral principles are concerned, termination of ventilation orwithholding it, are equivalent in terms of medical ethics. Dignity of dying is as vital and important as dignityof living. One can always justify continuation of ventilation on ethical grounds. There is clinical precedence forthis practice.In the opinion of the Supreme Court, withdrawing of life support should be considered synonymous asa kind of euthanasia. So, the termination of ventilation under compulsion would stand illegal and unlawful.Discontinuation of ventilation on economic reasons must be considered immoral and irrational. Sometimes thedecision of terminating ventilatory support may be taken in the absence of interdisciplinary communication orthat with the family of the patient. Many religious beliefs argue against the termination of ventilation. There aresome religious groups who even challenge the existing brain death criteria.I would suggest that all these factors should be considered before taking the decision to terminate the ventilatorysupport under compulsion in a terminally sick patient, whose is not yet brain dead.

【 授权许可】

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