Associating the risk of three urinary cancers with obesity and overweight: an overview with evidence mapping of systematic reviews

Systematic Reviews

Ya Gao¹  Liang Zhao²  Mingming Niu²  Yamin Chen²  Ziwei Song²  Meili Yan²  Jinhui Tian³  Jiyuan Shi⁴  Peng Wang⁵  Xueni Ma⁶ 

[1] Evidence-Based Medicine Centre, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou City, China;Evidence-Based Nursing Centre, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou City, China;Evidence-Based Nursing Centre, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou City, China;Evidence-Based Medicine Centre, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou City, China;Evidence-Based Nursing Centre, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou City, China;Evidence-Based Medicine Centre, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou City, China;School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou city, China;School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou city, China;The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou City, China;

关键词: Cancer;    Obesity;    Overweight;    Meta-analysis;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s13643-021-01606-8

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundThe relationship between cancer with overweight and obesity has been extensively reported. However, the association between urinary cancers with these risk factors remains unclear, with existing reports showing conflicting findings. The current review, therefore, sought to clarify the latter association by assessing the methodological and reporting quality of existing systematic reviews on the subject.MethodsWe first screened PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases for relevant literature and subjected the resulting articles to meta-analysis. We adopted the AMSTAR-2 and PRISMA checklists for assessing methodological and reporting quality, respectively, then performed meta-analyses to determine the relationship between incidence and mortality of three types of urinary cancers with obesity and overweight. Indirect comparisons were also done across subgroups.ResultsAll systematic reviews (SRs) were of critically low methodological quality. Seventeen SRs had minimal reporting flaws, and 11 SRs had minor reporting flaws. We found an association between obesity with an incidence of kidney (RR = 1.68, 95% CI 1.47–1.92), bladder (RR = 1.1, 95% CI 1.07–1.13), and prostate (RR = 1.02, 95% CI 0.91, 1.13) cancers. Similarly, overweight was associated with the incidence of the three types of cancer, recording RR values of 1.37 (95% CI 1.26–1.48), 1.07 (95% CI 1.03–1.1), and 1 (95% CI 0.93, 1.07) for kidney, bladder, and prostate cancers, respectively. With regard to the dose analysis, the RR of BMI (per 5 kg/m2 increase) was associated with kidney (RR = 1.24, 95% CI 1.2–1.28), bladder (RR = 1.03, 95% CI 1.02–1.05), and prostate (RR = 1.02, 95% CI 1.01, 1.03) cancers.ConclusionsThis comprehensive quantitative analysis provides an affirmation that overweight and obesity are strong risk factors for kidney cancer, owing to a strong association between them. Conversely, a weak association between overweight and obesity with bladder and prostate cancers confirms their status as mild risk factors for the 2 types of cancer. But due to the low quality of included SRs, the results need to be interpreted with caution.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO CRD42019119459

【 授权许可】

CC BY