Development of the Hausa version of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale: translation, cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation in mixed urban and rural patients with chronic low back pain

Health and Quality of Life Outcomes

Mukadas O. Akindele¹  Bashir Kaka¹  Naziru B. Mukhtar¹  Aminu A. Ibrahim² 

[1] Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Bayero University Kano, P.M.B 3011, Kano, Kano State, Nigeria;Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Bayero University Kano, P.M.B 3011, Kano, Kano State, Nigeria;Department of Physiotherapy, Muhammad Abdullahi Wase Teaching Hospital, Hospitals Management Board, P.M.B 3160, Kano, Kano State, Nigeria;

关键词: Chronic low back pain;    Cross-cultural adaptation;    Hausa;    Pain catastrophizing;    Pain catastrophizing scale;    Reliability;    Validity;    Translation;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12955-020-01644-1

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundCatastrophizing has been recognized as an important contributor to chronicity in individuals with chronic pain syndromes including low back pain (LBP). The Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) is perhaps the most widely used tool to evaluate the degree of pain catastrophizing. However, its use is limited in Hausa-speaking countries due to the lack of a validated translated version.ObjectiveTo translate and cross-culturally adapt the PCS into Hausa (Hausa-PCS), and evaluate its psychometric properties in mixed urban and rural patients with chronic LBP.MethodsThePCS was translated and cross-culturally adapted into Hausa in accordance with established guidelines. To evaluate its psychometric properties, a consecutive sample of 200 patients with chronic LBP was recruited from urban and rural Nigerian hospitals. Validity was evaluated by exploring content validity, factorial structure (confirmatory factor analysis [CFA]), construct validity (Spearman’s rho for a priori hypotheses) and known-groups validity. Reliability was evaluated by calculating internal consistency (Cronbach’s α), intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM), minimal detectable change (MDC) and limits of agreement with 95% confidence interval (LOA95%).ResultsThe Hausa-PCS was comprehensible with good content validity. The CFA confirmed a 3-factor structure similar to the original English version. The concurrent validity was supported as 83% (5/6) of the a priori hypotheses were confirmed. Known-groups comparison showed that the questionnaire was unable to differentiate between male and female or urban and rural patients (p > 0.05). Internal consistency and ICC were adequate for the Hausa-PCS total score (α = 0.84; ICC = 0.90) and the subscale helplessness (α = 0.78; ICC = 0.89) but for the subscales rumination (α = 0.69; ICC = 0.68) and magnification (α = 0.41; ICC = 0.43). The LOA95% for the Hausa-PCS total score was between − 8.10 and + 9.75, with SEM and MDC of 3.47 and 9.62 respectively.ConclusionThe Hausa-PCS was successfully developed and psychometrically adequate in terms of factorial structure, construct validity, internal consistency and test–retest reliability when applied in mixed urban and rural patients with chronic LBP. However, the internal consistency and reliability coefficients (ICC) for the individual subscales are inadequate. Thus, we support the use of the total score when evaluating pain catastrophizing for clinical or research purposes.

【 授权许可】

CC BY