Comparison of the in vivo and in vitro genotoxicity of glyphosate isopropylamine salt in three different organisms

Genetics and Molecular Biology

Carlos Alvarez-moya²  Mónica Reynoso Silva²  Carlos Valdez Ramírez²  David Gómez Gallardo²  Rafael León Sánchez¹  Alejandro Canales Aguirre¹  Alfredo Feria Velasco¹ 

[1] ,University of Guadalajara Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular Environmental Mutagenesis LaboratoryZapopan,Mexico

关键词: comet assay;    DNA damage;    genotoxicity;    glyphosate;   

DOI  :  10.1590/S1415-47572014000100016

来源: SciELO

【 摘 要 】

There is considerable controversy with regard to the genotoxicity of glyphosate, with some reports stating that this compound is non-toxic for fish, birds and mammals. In this work, we used the comet assay to examine the genotoxicity of glyphosate isopropylamine (0.7, 7, 70 and 700 µM) in human lymphocytes, erythrocytes of Oreochromis niloticus and staminal nuclei of Tradescantia (4430) in vitro and in vivo. Cells, nuclei and fish that had and had not been exposed to 5 mM N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. Significant (p < 0.01) genetic damage was observed in vivo and in vitro in all cell types and organisms tested. Human lymphocytes and Tradescantia hairs showed lower genetic damage in vivo compared to in vitro, possibly because of efficient metabolization of the herbicide. In O. niloticus erythrocytes, significant (p < 0.001) genotoxicity was observed at > 7 µM, whereas in vitro, glyphosphate was genotoxic in human lymphocytes and Tradescantia hairs at > 0.7 µM. These results indicate that glyphosate is genotoxic in the cells and organisms studied at concentrations of 0.7-7 µM.

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