Evolutionary history ofPhakopsora pachyrhizi(the Asian soybean rust) in Brazil based on nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region of the nuclear ribosomal DNA

Genetics and Molecular Biology

Maíra C. M. Freire¹  Luiz O. De Oliveira¹  Álvaro M. R. De Almeida¹  Ivan Schuster¹  Maurilio A. Moreira¹  Merion M. Liebenberg¹  Charlotte M. S. Mienie¹ 

关键词: Phakopsora pachyrhizi;    diversity;    internal transcribed spacer;    Asian soybean rust;    phylogeography;   

DOI  :  10.1590/S1415-47572008005000026

来源: SciELO

【 摘 要 】

Phakopsora pachyrhizihas dispersed globally and brought severe economic losses to soybean growers. The fungus has been established in Brazil since 2002 and is found nationwide. To gather information on the temporal and spatial patterns of genetic variation inP. pachyrhizi , we sequenced the nuclear internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS1 and ITS2). Total genomic DNA was extracted using either lyophilized urediniospores or lesions removed from infected leaves sampled from 26 soybean fields in Brazil and one field in South Africa. Cloning prior to sequencing was necessary because direct sequencing of PCR amplicons gave partially unreadable electrophoretograms with peak displacements suggestive of multiple sequences with length polymorphism. Sequences were determined from four clones per field. ITS sequences from African or Asian isolates available from the GenBank were included in the analyses. Independent sequence alignments of the ITS1 and ITS2 datasets identified 27 and 19 ribotypes, respectively. Molecular phylogeographic analyses revealed that ribotypes of widespread distribution in Brazil displayed characteristics of ancestrality and were shared with Africa and Asia, while ribotypes of rare occurrence in Brazil were indigenous. The results suggestP. pachyrhizifound in Brazil as originating from multiple, independent long-distance dispersal events.

【 授权许可】

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