Revealing a safer sex option to reduce HIV risk: a cluster-randomized trial in Botswana

BMC Public Health

Mogomotsi Matshaba¹  Gabriel Anabwani¹  Lesego Gabaitiri²  Noam Angrist³ 

[1] 0000 0001 2160 926X, grid.39382.33, Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Retrovirology, Houston, TX, USA;Botswana-Baylor Children’s Clinical Centre of Excellence, Gaborone, Botswana;0000 0004 0635 5486, grid.7621.2, Department of Statistics, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana;0000 0004 1936 8948, grid.4991.5, Blavatnik School of Government, University of Oxford, 120 Walton St, OX2 6GG, Oxford, United Kingdom;Young 1ove, Gaborone, Botswana;

关键词: Impact evaluation;    Botswana;    HIV;    Teen pregnancy;    Health;    School;    Sex education;    Southern Africa;    Risk reduction;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12889-019-6844-8

来源: publisher

【 摘 要 】

Background1.8 million new HIV infections occur every year, disproportionately affecting adolescent girls and young women. Abstinence-only risk avoidance approaches have had limited impact on reducing new infections. This cluster-randomized trial examines a risk reduction approach to curbing risky sex for school-going girls in Botswana.MethodsThe unit of randomization was the school (n = 229). Intervention participants received a 1-h intervention revealing a safer sex option: dating same-age partners which have 5-9x lower HIV prevalence than older partners. Primary outcomes were pregnancy as a proxy for unprotected sex and HIV. Secondary outcomes included self-reported sexual behavior. Generalized linear multilevel models with school-level robust variance for adjusted relative risk ratios were used in an intention-to-treat analysis.ResultsAt a 12-month follow up, the intervention reduced pregnancy with an adjusted Relative Risk Ratio (aRRR) of .657 [95% CI .433–.997] significant at the 5% level. Effects were largest at junior school (aRRR = .575 [95% CI .394–.841]) and in rural areas (aRRR = .518 [95% CI .323–.831]), significant at the 1% level. There were no significant effects for primary school students, suggesting age of sexual debut and related mechanisms are critical factors in the intervention’s effectiveness. Moreover, baseline beliefs of which partner is riskiest mediate the magnitude of effects.ConclusionsInformation on safe sex options can change sexual behavior. The success of the intervention working across contexts will depend on various factors, such as age of sexual debut and baseline beliefs.Trial registrationPan African Clinical Trials Registry PACTR201901837047199. Registered 31 December 2018. Retrospectively registered. This study adheres to CONSORT guidelines.

【 授权许可】

CC BY