Rev Variation during Persistent Lentivirus Infection

Viruses

Susan Carpenter¹  Wei-Chen Chen¹ 

[1] ¹Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA ²Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA ³Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA

关键词: lentivirus;    Rev;    equine infectious anemia virus;    selection;    immune evasion;    overlapping reading frames;   

DOI  :  10.3390/v3010001

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

The ability of lentiviruses to continually evolve and escape immune control is the central impediment in developing an effective vaccine for HIV-1 and other lentiviruses. Equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) is considered a useful model for immune control of lentivirus infection. Virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and broadly neutralizing antibody effectively control EIAV replication during inapparent stages of disease, but after years of low-level replication, the virus is still able to produce evasion genotypes that lead to late re-emergence of disease. There is a high rate of genetic variation in the EIAV surface envelope glycoprotein (SU) and in the region of the transmembrane protein (TM) overlapped by the major exon of Rev. This review examines genetic and phenotypic variation in Rev during EIAV disease and a possible role for Rev in immune evasion and virus persistence.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.