Antiproliferative and Proapoptotic Activities of Methanolic Extracts from Ligustrum vulgare L. as an Individual Treatment and in Combination with Palladium Complex

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Milena G. Ćurčić²  Milan S. Stanković²  Emina M. Mrkalić³  Zoran D. Matović³  Dragić D. Banković¹  Danijela M. Cvetković²  Dragana S. ᄊčić² 

[1] Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Republic of Serbia; E-Mails:;Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Republic of Serbia; E-Mails:;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Republic of Serbia; E-Mails:

关键词: acridin orange/ethidium bromide assay;    antiprolifertative activity;    apoptosis;    cotreatment;    Ligustrum vulgare L.;    MTT assay;    palladium;    time dependance;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms13022521

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

The aim of this study is to examine the growth inhibitory effects of methanolic leaf and fruit extracts of L. vulgare on HCT-116 cells over different time periods and their synergistic effect with a Pd(apox) complex. The antiproliferative activity of plant extracts alone or in combination with the Pd(apox) complex was determined using MTT cell viability assay, where the IC₅₀ value was used as a parameter of cytotoxicity. Results show that antiproliferative effects of L. vulgare extracts increase with extension of exposure time, with decreasing IC₅₀ values, except for 72 h where the IC₅₀ values for methanolic leaf extract were lower than for the fruit extract. The Pd(apox) complex alone had a weak antiproliferative effect, but combination with L. vulgare extracts caused stronger effects with lower IC₅₀ values than with L. vulgare extracts alone. The type of cell death was explored by fluorescence microscopy using the acridin orange/ethidium bromide method. Treatments with plant extracts caused typical apoptotic morphological changes in HCT-116 cells and co-treatments with Pd(apox) complex caused higher levels of apoptotic cells than treatment with plant extracts alone. The results indicate that L. vulgare is a considerable source of natural bioactive substances with antiproliferative activity on HCT-116 cells and which have a substantial synergistic effect with the Pd(apox) complex.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2012 by the authors; licensee Molecular Diversity Preservation International, Basel, Switzerland.